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arXiv 1209.3665astro-ph.CO
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z < 1.0时的气体分数和恒星形成效率

Gas fraction and star formation efficiency at z < 1.0

F. Combes, S. Garcia-Burillo, J. Braine, E. Schinnerer, F. Walter, L. Colina

摘要:

在IRAM 30米望远镜对39个z = 0.6-1.0星系进行了新的观测之后,我们给出了我们对红移范围为0.2 < z < 1的CO谱线的全面观测。我们的目标是确定在这个时代的恒星形成率急剧下降的驱动因素。我们研究了气体分数,定义为Mgas/(Mgas+Mstar),和恒星形成效率(SFE)定义的远红外光度和分子气体质量之间的比率(LFIR/M(H2),即气体耗尽时间的倒数的措施。源被选择为超亮红外星系(ULIRGs),LFIR大于10^12 Lo,并经历恒星爆发。当我们采用标准的ULIRG CO到H2转换因子时,它们的分子气体耗尽时间小于1亿年。我们的全面调查现在已经填补了0.2<z<1范围内CO观测的空白,覆盖了几乎一半的宇宙历史。在0.6 < z < 1区间的探测率为38%(39个星系中的15个),而在0.2<z<0.6区间的探测率为60%。CO的平均光度为L 'CO = 1.8 10^10 K km/s pc ^2,对应于H2的平均质量为1.45 10^10 Mo。从7个星系的观测CO(2-1)和CO(4-3),高气体激发已被导出,连同尘埃质量的估计,这支持我们的低ULIRG之间的CO光度和H2的转换因子的选择,为我们的样本源。我们发现,随着红移的增加,气体分数和超临界流体能量都显著增加,从z=0到1,增加了3 +-1倍,因此这两个量在宇宙恒星形成演化中起着重要的作用,并相互补充。

英文摘要:

After new observations of 39 galaxies at z = 0.6-1.0 obtained at the IRAM 30m telescope, we present our full CO line survey covering the redshift range 0.2 < z < 1. Our aim is to determine the driving factors accounting for the steep decline in the star formation rate during this epoch. We study both the gas fraction, defined as Mgas/(Mgas+Mstar), and the star formation efficiency (SFE) defined by the ratio between far-infrared luminosity and molecular gas mass (LFIR/M(H2), i.e. a measure for the inverse of the gas depletion time. The sources are selected to be ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs), with LFIR greater than 10^12 Lo and experiencing starbursts. When we adopt a standard ULIRG CO-to-H2 conversion factor, their molecular gas depletion time is less than 100 Myr. Our full survey has now filled the gap of CO observations in the 0.2<z<1 range covering almost half of cosmic history. The detection rate in the 0.6 < z < 1 interval is 38% (15 galaxies out of 39), compared to 60% for the 0.2<z<0.6 interval. The average CO luminosity is L'CO = 1.8 10^10 K km/s pc^2, corresponding to an average H2 mass of 1.45 10^10 Mo. From observation of 7 galaxies in both CO(2-1) and CO(4-3), a high gas excitation has been derived; together with the dust mass estimation, this supports the choice of our low ULIRG conversion factor between CO luminosity and H2, for our sample sources. We find that both the gas fraction and the SFE significantly increase with redshift, by factors of 3 +-1 from z=0 to 1, and therefore both quantities play an important role and complement each other in cosmic star formation evolution.

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