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arXiv 1209.2489astro-ph.CO
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自洽再电离模型中的气体聚团

Gas Clumping in Self-Consistent Reionisation Models

K. Finlator, S. Peng Oh, F. Özel, R. Davé

摘要:

我们使用一套宇宙学流体动力学模拟,包括自洽处理不均匀的再电离研究星系外流和光电离加热的星系际介质(IGM)的体积平均复合率的影响。通过结合一个不断发展的电离逃逸分数和莱曼极限系统内的自屏蔽处理,我们已经运行了第一次模拟的“光子饥饿”再电离的情况下,同时再现观测的丰富的星系,光学深度的宇宙微波背景光子τ的电子散射,和有效的光学深度莱曼α吸收z=5。我们证实,电离背景通过平滑适度过密(Δ=1- 100)区域使聚集因子C降低50%以上。与此同时,资金外流只会温和地增加聚集。电离气体的聚团因子比整个重子的聚团因子低得多,因为最高密度的气体是自屏蔽的。如果再电离将气体加热到10,000 K以上,则光电离加热进一步抑制再结合。考虑到我们最真实的模拟中的两种效应,C<1 at z>在z=6时从10上升到3.3。我们表明,将温度和电离校正成团因子的分析再电离模型重现数值模拟的τ在10%以内。最后,我们探讨有多少电离光子被吸收的过程中加热灯丝考虑的总光子成本的再电离的分析模型,假设IGM是在不同的红移加热。对于9- 10的再电离红移,冷灯丝使再电离光子预算增加~1个光子/氢原子。

英文摘要:

We use a suite of cosmological hydrodynamic simulations including a self-consistent treatment for inhomogeneous reionisation to study the impact of galactic outflows and photoionisation heating on the volume-averaged recombination rate of the intergalactic medium (IGM). By incorporating an evolving ionising escape fraction and a treatment for self-shielding within Lyman limit systems, we have run the first simulations of "photon-starved" reionisation scenarios that simultaneously reproduce observations of the abundance of galaxies, the optical depth to electron scattering of cosmic microwave background photons τ, and the effective optical depth to Lymanαabsorption at z=5. We confirm that an ionising background reduces the clumping factor C by more than 50% by smoothing moderately-overdense (Δ=1--100) regions. Meanwhile, outflows increase clumping only modestly. The clumping factor of ionised gas is much lower than the overall baryonic clumping factor because the most overdense gas is self-shielded. Photoionisation heating further suppresses recombinations if reionisation heats gas above the canonical 10,000 K. Accounting for both effects within our most realistic simulation, C rises from <1 at z>10 to 3.3 at z=6. We show that incorporating temperature- and ionisation-corrected clumping factors into an analytical reionisation model reproduces the numerical simulation's τto within 10%. Finally, we explore how many ionising photons are absorbed during the process of heating filaments by considering the overall photon cost of reionisation in analytical models that assume that the IGM is heated at different redshifts. For reionisation redshifts of 9--10, cold filaments boost the reionisation photon budget by ~1 photon per hydrogen atom.

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