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arXiv 1209.0625astro-ph.HE
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天鹅座V407新星爆发期间的粒子加速和非热发射

Particle acceleration and non-thermal emission during the V407 Cygni nova outburst

Pierrick Martin, Guillaume Dubus

摘要:

2010年3月,共生双星V407 Cyg因新星爆炸而爆发。这一事件引发了费米/LAT探测到的长达两周的> 100 MeV伽马射线爆发,这是一个独特的观测结果,证明了系统中的粒子加速。这次爆发可以被认为是一个缩小的超新星,具有短的动力学时间尺度,因此可以构成银河系宇宙射线起源理论的一个测试案例。我们的目标是确定加速粒子的性质,并确定高能辐射的来源。我们开发了一个模型的扩散冲击加速和非热发射V407 Cyg,由冲击等离子体的热发射的评价补充。我们考虑了轻子和强子对非热过程的贡献,并研究了许多双星和新星参数的影响。伽马射线的辐射主要是轻子源,主要来自新星光的逆康普顿散射。红巨星光子的上散射是一个很小的贡献。匹配光变曲线需要在白矮星附近的气体积累,作为风吸积的结果,而光谱施加粒子散射接近玻姆极限的上游均分磁场。新星加速质子(分别为电子)的能量高达~ 300 GeV(分别为~ 20 GeV),两周后总的非热能为10^43 erg,约占新星初始动能的10%。注入时的电子质子比为6%。天鹅座V407的爆发可以从超新星遗迹中粒子加速的相同原理来理解,尽管不需要强磁场放大。共生系统中的新星群是银河系宇宙射线的一个可以忽略的来源,而且很可能不是一类TeV辐射源。

英文摘要:

On March 2010, the symbiotic binary V407 Cyg erupted as a result of a nova explosion. The event gave rise to a two-week long burst of >100MeV gamma-rays detected by Fermi/LAT, a unique observation testifying to particle acceleration in the system. The outburst can be considered a scaled-down supernova, with short dynamical time scale, and thus can constitute a test case for theories of the origin of galactic cosmic rays. We aim at determining the properties of the accelerated particles and identifying the origin of the high-energy radiation. We developed a model for diffusive shock acceleration and non-thermal emission in V407 Cyg, complemented by an evaluation of the thermal emission from the shocked plasma. We considered both leptonic and hadronic contributions to the non-thermal processes, and investigated the effect of many binary and nova parameters. The gamma-ray emission is mostly of leptonic origin and arises predominantly from inverse-Compton scattering of the nova light. Upscattering of the red giant photons is a minor contribution. Matching the light curve requires gas accumulation in the vicinity of the white dwarf, as a consequence of wind accretion, while the spectrum imposes particle scattering close to the Bohm limit in the upstream equipartition magnetic field. The nova accelerated protons (respectively electrons) with energies up to ~300GeV (respectively ~20GeV), for a total non-thermal energy 10^43 erg after two weeks, representing ~10% of the initial nova kinetic energy. The electron-to-proton ratio at injection is 6%. The V407 Cyg eruption can be understood from the same principles that are invoked for particle acceleration in supernova remnants, although without the need for strong magnetic field amplification. The population of novae in symbiotic systems is a negligible source of Galactic cosmic rays, and most likely not a class of TeV-emitters.

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