arXiv 1606.073972016-06-23astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR

2015年AG Peg爆发的快速观测--从慢新星到经典共生爆发

Swift observations of the 2015 outburst of AG Peg -- from slow nova to classical symbiotic outburst

Gavin Ramsay, J. L. Sokoloski, G. J. M. Luna, N. E. Nunez

备注：: Accepted by MNRAS 23 June 2016. Manuscript submitted in original form 5 April 2016
DOI：: 10.1093/mnras/stw1546

摘要：

共生星通常包含表面有准稳定壳燃烧的白矮星。然而，在大多数共生体中，这种燃烧的起源尚不清楚。然而，在共生的慢新星中，它与过去的热核失控有关。2015年6月，共生的慢新星AG Peg被发现，这是自1850年以来的第二次光学爆发。这次爆发的持续时间和幅度都比以前的爆发要短得多，而且它包含了多个峰值--就像经典共生星如Z和Z中的爆发一样。我们报告了2015年6月至2016年1月期间对AG Peg进行的Swift X射线和紫外线观测。X射线通量在几天的时间尺度上变化很大，特别是在接近光学极大值的四天内，当X射线变得明亮而柔和时。这种强烈的X射线变化又持续了一个月，之后X射线随着光通量的下降而变硬。整个爆发过程中紫外线通量都很高，这与白矮星上的准稳定壳燃烧相一致。由于白矮星周围的吸积盘通常不会产生可探测的X射线（由于边界层的康普顿冷却），X射线可能来自喷出物中的激波。由于X射线的光电吸收变化不明显，因此X射线的变化可能与受冲击材料的性质直接相关。AG Peg从一颗缓慢的共生新星（推动了1850年的爆发）转变为一颗经典的共生星，这表明至少有一些共生星的外壳燃烧是之前新星的残余燃烧。

英文摘要：

Symbiotic stars often contain white dwarfs with quasi-steady shell burning on their surfaces. However, in most symbiotics, the origin of this burning is unclear. In symbiotic slow novae, however, it is linked to a past thermonuclear runaway. In June 2015, the symbiotic slow nova AG Peg was seen in only its second optical outburst since 1850. This recent outburst was of much shorter duration and lower amplitude than the earlier eruption, and it contained multiple peaks -- like outbursts in classical symbiotic stars such as Z And. We report Swift X-ray and UV observations of AG Peg made between June 2015 and January 2016. The X-ray flux was markedly variable on a time scale of days, particularly during four days near optical maximum, when the X-rays became bright and soft. This strong X-ray variability continued for another month, after which the X-rays hardened as the optical flux declined. The UV flux was high throughout the outburst, consistent with quasi-steady shell burning on the white dwarf. Given that accretion disks around white dwarfs with shell burning do not generally produce detectable X-rays (due to Compton-cooling of the boundary layer), the X-rays probably originated via shocks in the ejecta. As the X-ray photo-electric absorption did not vary significantly, the X-ray variability may directly link to the properties of the shocked material. AG Peg's transition from a slow symbiotic nova (which drove the 1850 outburst) to a classical symbiotic star suggests that shell burning in at least some symbiotic stars is residual burning from prior novae.

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