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arXiv 1206.4146astro-ph.SR
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大质量主序星的氮年代学

Nitrogen chronology of massive main sequence stars

K. Köhler, M. Borzyszkowski, I. Brott, N. Langer, A. de Koter

摘要:

在大质量主序星的旋转混合预测单调增加其表面氮丰度随时间的推移。我们利用这种效应来设计一种方法来限制大质量主序星的年龄和倾角,给出它们的观测光度,有效温度,投影旋转速度和表面氮丰度。这种方法依赖于不同金属丰度、质量和自转速率的恒星演化模型。我们使用人口合成代码STARMAKER显示我们的方法的适用范围。我们将此方法应用于79个早期的B型主序星附近的LMC集群NGC 2004和N 11和SMC集群NGC 330和NGC 346。从样本中的所有恒星中,发现17颗适合进行年龄分析。对于其中的10颗,它们是快速旋转的恒星,没有强烈的氮增强,以前的结论是它们没有演化为旋转混合的单星。我们的分析证实了这一点,它标志着这些物体的年龄与它们的等时线年龄高度不一致。对于其他七颗恒星,它们的氮和等时线年龄被发现在误差范围内一致,这验证了我们的方法。其他62颗恒星的倾角限制已经推导出来,这意味着SMC恒星的氮丰度,其中大多数只有上限是已知的,平均下降显着低于这些限制。氮年代学是检验恒星演化和研究大质量主序星基本性质的一种新的有用工具。提供了该工具的Web版本。

英文摘要:

Rotational mixing in massive main sequence stars is predicted to monotonically increase their surface nitrogen abundance with time. We use this effect to design a method for constraining the age and the inclination angle of massive main sequence stars, given their observed luminosity, effective temperature, projected rotational velocity and surface nitrogen abundance. This method relies on stellar evolution models for different metallicities, masses and rotation rates. We use the population synthesis code STARMAKER to show the range of applicability of our method. We apply this method to 79 early B-type main sequence stars near the LMC clusters NGC 2004 and N 11 and the SMC clusters NGC 330 and NGC 346. From all stars within the sample, 17 were found to be suitable for an age analysis. For ten of them, which are rapidly rotating stars without a strong nitrogen enhancement, it has been previously concluded that they did not evolve as rotationally mixed single stars. This is confirmed by our analysis, which flags the age of these objects as highly discrepant with their isochrone ages. For the other seven stars, their nitrogen and isochrone ages are found to agree within error bars, what validates our method. Constraints on the inclination angle have been derived for the other 62 stars,with the implication that the nitrogen abundances of the SMC stars, for which mostly only upper limits are known, fall on average significantly below those limits. Nitrogen chronology is found to be a new useful tool for testing stellar evolution and to constrain fundamental properties of massive main sequence stars. A web version of this tool is provided.

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