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arXiv 1206.3145cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.supr-con
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量子临界近藤晶格中重费米子的可视化

Visualizing heavy fermions emerging in a quantum critical Kondo lattice

Pegor Aynajian, Eduardo H. da Silva Neto, András Gyenis, Ryan E. Baumbach, J. D. Thompson, Zachary Fisk, Eric D. Bauer, Ali Yazdani

摘要:

在含有f轨道元素的固体中,f电子自旋和巡游电子自旋之间的相互作用导致了具有重有效质量的低能费米子激发的发展。这些激发是在锕系和镧系化合物中观察到的非常规超导性和非费米液体行为的基础。在这里,我们使用光谱映射与扫描隧道显微镜检测的出现,随着温度的降低,在一个典型的家庭铈基重费米子化合物的重激发。我们证明了这些重准粒子的复合性质,这是由巡回传导和f电子的量子纠缠产生的隧道过程的敏感性。复合准粒子的散射和干涉被用来解决它们的能量-动量结构,并提取它们的质量增强,它随着温度的降低而发展。出射重准粒子的寿命揭示了增强散射的特征,它们的谱线形状显示了能量-温度标度的证据。这些发现表明,接近量子临界点的结果在临界阻尼的紧急重激发我们的近藤晶格系统。

英文摘要:

In solids containing elements with f orbitals, the interaction between f-electron spins and those of itinerant electrons leads to the development of low-energy fermionic excitations with a heavy effective mass. These excitations are fundamental to the appearance of unconventional superconductivity and non-Fermi-liquid behaviour observed in actinide- and lanthanide-based compounds. Here we use spectroscopic mapping with the scanning tunnelling microscope to detect the emergence of heavy excitations with lowering of temperature in a prototypical family of cerium-based heavy-fermion compounds. We demonstrate the sensitivity of the tunnelling process to the composite nature of these heavy quasiparticles, which arises from quantum entanglement of itinerant conduction and f electrons. Scattering and interference of the composite quasiparticles is used to resolve their energy-momentum structure and to extract their mass enhancement, which develops with decreasing temperature. The lifetime of the emergent heavy quasiparticles reveals signatures of enhanced scattering and their spectral lineshape shows evidence of energy-temperature scaling. These findings demonstrate that proximity to a quantum critical point results in critical damping of the emergent heavy excitation of our Kondo lattice system.

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