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arXiv 1206.0639cond-mat.stat-mech
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波动Boltzmann方程下非平衡流动的时间反演对称关系

Time-reversal symmetry relation for nonequilibrium flows ruled by the fluctuating Boltzmann equation

Pierre Gaspard

摘要:

建立了波动玻尔兹曼方程描述的非平衡稀或稀薄气体的时间反演对称关系。该关系是从相关的粗粒度主方程统治的随机数量的细胞中的粒子在单粒子相空间中的给定位置和速度。对称关系涉及在给定的粒子密度或温度下,在储层或热化表面之间流动的气体的波动粒子流和能量流。

英文摘要:

A time-reversal symmetry relation is established for out-of-equilibrium dilute or rarefied gases described by the fluctuating Boltzmann equation. The relation is obtained from the associated coarse-grained master equation ruling the random numbers of particles in cells of given position and velocity in the single-particle phase space. The symmetry relation concerns the fluctuating particle and energy currents of the gas flowing between reservoirs or thermalizing surfaces at given particle densities or temperatures.

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