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arXiv 1610.04538cond-mat.stat-mech
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电流的二阶涨落理论和时间自相关函数

Second-order fluctuation theory and time autocorrelation function for currents

Roman Belousov, E. G. D. Cohen

摘要:

利用空间非对称系统朗之万动力学的最新进展,我们常规地推广了Onsager-Machlup的二阶时间涨落理论。在这种形式下,它变得适用于波动变量,包括平衡和非平衡稳态的流体动力学流。从所得到的随机方程的解,我们推导出一般波动量的时间自相关函数的解析表达式。这个理论结果,然后测试在研究中的剪切流的分子动力学模拟。提出的时间自相关函数的形式产生了一个很好的适合我们的计算数据的平衡和非平衡稳态。与一阶Onsager-Machlup理论的类似结果不同,我们的表达式正确地描述了短时相关。它的效用证明在应用程序中的绿色Kubo公式的传输系数。奇怪的是,归一化的时间自相关函数的剪切流,这只取决于波动动力学的确定性的一部分,出现独立的外部剪切力的线性非平衡状态。

英文摘要:

By using recent developments for the Langevin dynamics of spatially asymmetric systems, we routinely generalize the Onsager-Machlup fluctuation theory of the second order in time. In this form, it becomes applicable to fluctuating variables, including hydrodynamic currents, in equilibrium as well as nonequilibrium steady states. From the solution of the obtained stochastic equations we derive an analytical expression for the time autocorrelation function of a general fluctuating quantity. This theoretical result is then tested in a study of a shear flow by molecular dynamics simulations. The proposed form of the time autocorrelation function yields an excellent fit to our computational data for both equilibrium and nonequilibrium steady states. Unlike the analogous result of the first-order Onsager-Machlup theory, our expression correctly describes the short-time correlations. Its utility is demonstrated in an application of the Green-Kubo formula for the transport coefficient. Curiously, the normalized time autocorrelation function for the shear flow, which only depends on the deterministic part of the fluctuation dynamics, appears independent of the external shear force in the linear nonequilibrium regime.

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