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arXiv 1203.2525gr-qc
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标量宇宙学扰动的唯一Fock量子化

Unique Fock quantization of scalar cosmological perturbations

Mikel Fernández-Méndez, Guillermo A. Mena Marugán, Javier Olmedo, José M. Velhinho

摘要:

研究了以质量标量场为物质含量的Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker模型标量微扰的Fock量子化中的不确定性.我们考虑的情况下,紧凑的空间部分(从而避免红外发散),与一个三球的拓扑结构。将扰动展开成Laplace-Beltrami算子的本征函数级数,将系统的哈密顿量写成二阶。我们以两种不同的方式固定局部自由度的尺度,在两种情况下都得到相同的定性结果。一个典型的变换,其中包括缩放的物质场扰动的几何形状的比例因子,进行,以达到一个方便的制定系统。然后,我们研究了这些微扰的量子化的经典背景所确定的齐次变量。基于以前的工作,我们介绍了一个Fock表示的扰动:(a)复杂的结构是不变的空间截面的等距和(b)场动力学作为一个酉算子。这两个性质不仅选择了一个唯一的酉等价类表示,而且还选择了一个优选的场描述,在所有可以通过物质场的时间依赖标度(完成为线性正则变换)获得的场变量中选择了一对正则场变量。最后,我们提出了一个等价的量子化规范不变量。我们证明,这种量化可以通过一个模式的模式依赖于时间的线性正则变换,它承认一个单一的实现,使它也是唯一确定的。

英文摘要:

We investigate the ambiguities in the Fock quantization of the scalar perturbations of a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker model with a massive scalar field as matter content. We consider the case of compact spatial sections (thus avoiding infrared divergences), with the topology of a three-sphere. After expanding the perturbations in series of eigenfunctions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator, the Hamiltonian of the system is written up to quadratic order in them. We fix the gauge of the local degrees of freedom in two different ways, reaching in both cases the same qualitative results. A canonical transformation, which includes the scaling of the matter field perturbations by the scale factor of the geometry, is performed in order to arrive at a convenient formulation of the system. We then study the quantization of these perturbations in the classical background determined by the homogeneous variables. Based on previous work, we introduce a Fock representation for the perturbations in which: (a) the complex structure is invariant under the isometries of the spatial sections and (b) the field dynamics is implemented as a unitary operator. These two properties select not only a unique unitary equivalence class of representations, but also a preferred field description, picking up a canonical pair of field variables among all those that can be obtained by means of a time-dependent scaling of the matter field (completed into a linear canonical transformation). Finally, we present an equivalent quantization constructed in terms of gauge-invariant quantities. We prove that this quantization can be attained by a mode-by-mode time-dependent linear canonical transformation which admits a unitary implementation, so that it is also uniquely determined.

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