arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1203.2425cond-mat.softcond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.stat-mech
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二维杂质各向异性颗粒系统的结构相变和取向应变玻璃的形成

Structural phase transition and orientation-strain glass formation in anisotropic particle systems with impurities in two dimensions

Kyohei Takae, Akira Onuki

摘要:

采用修正的Lennard-Jones模型,对椭圆粒子和球形杂质进行了二维分子动力学模拟。在椭圆粒子的单组分系统中,我们发现随着温度$T$的降低,在六方晶格上出现取向相变。它也是一个结构性的,因为自发应变。在低$T$下,由于底层晶格而产生三种马氏体变体,导致形状记忆效应而不形成位错。热滞后,剪切模量的最小值,和比热的最大值也被发现与不同的$T$。随着杂质组成$c$的增加,三种取向域被细分,产生取向应变玻璃,介观有序区域仍然存在。如果杂质是大的和排斥的,椭圆形粒子的平面锚定发生在杂质表面周围。如果它们是小的和有吸引力的,垂面锚定发生。杂质聚集明显。随着锚定能力和/或杂质组成的增加,位置无序也可以增强。我们还研究了分子取向的旋转动力学。

英文摘要:

Using a modified Lennard-Jones model for elliptic particles and spherical impurities, we present results of molecular dynamics simulation in two dimensions. In one-component systems of elliptic particles, we find an orientation phase transition on a hexagonal lattice as the temperature $T$ is lowered. It is also a structural one because of spontaneous strain. At low $T$, there arise three martensitic variants due to the underlying lattice, leading to a shape memory effect without dislocation formation. Thermal hysteresis, a minimum of the shear modulus, and a maximum of the specific heat are also found with varying $T$. With increasing the composition $c$ of impurities, the three kinds of orientation domains are finely divided, yielding orientation-strain glass with mesoscopically ordered regions still surviving. If the impurities are large and repulsive, planar anchoring of the elliptic particles occurs around the impurity surfaces. If they are small and attractive, homeotropic anchoring occurs. Clustering of impurities is conspicuous. With increasing the anchoring power and/or the composition of the impurities, positional disorder can also be enhanced. We also investigate the rotational dynamics of the molecular orientations.

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