Within the QCD factorization formalism, we study the possible impacts of the nonuniversal $Z^\prime$ model, which provides a flavor-changing neutral current at the tree level, on rare decays $B \to K_0^*π$. Under two different scenarios (S1 and S2) for identifying the scalar meson $K_0^*(1430)$, the branching ratios, CP asymmetries, and isospin asymmetries are calculated in both the standard model (SM) and the family nonuniversal $Z^\prime$ model. We find that the branching ratios and CP asymmetries are sensitive to weak annihilation. In the SM, with $ρ_A=1$ and $ϕ_A\in[-30^\circ, 30^\circ]$, the branching ratios of S1 (S2) are smaller (larger) than the experimental data. Adding the contribution of the $Z^\prime$ boson in two different cases (Case-I and Case-II), for S1, the branching ratios are still far away from experiment. For S2, in Case-II, the branching ratios become smaller and can accommodate the data; in Case-I, although the center values are enhanced, they can also explain the data with large uncertainties. Similar conclusions are also reached for CP asymmetries. Our results indicate that S2 is more favored than S1, even after considering new physics effects. Moreover, if there exists a nonuniversal $Z^\prime$ boson, Case-II is preferred. All results can be tested in the LHC-b experiment and forthcoming super-B factory.
We have calculated the branching ratio and CP asymmetry of B-->X_s +gamma decay within the family--nonuniversal Z' models. We have established certain bounds on the model parameters using the present experimental bounds. We also comment on the role of family--nonuniversality in the hadronic decay modes of the B meson.
Motivated by the large difference between the direct CP asymmetries $A_{CP}(B^-\to π^0 K^-)$ and $A_{CP}(\bar{B}^{0}\to π^{+} K^{-})$, we combine the up-to-date experimental information on $B\toπK$, $πK^{\ast}$ and $ρK$ decays to pursue possible solutions with the nonuniversal $Z^{\prime}$ model. Detailed analyses of the relative impacts of different types of couplings are presented in four specific cases. Numerically, we find that the new coupling parameters, $ξ^{LL}$ and $ξ^{LR}$ with a common nontrivial new weak phase $ϕ_L\sim-86^{\circ}$, which are relevant to the $Z^{\prime}$ contribution…
Excited beryllium has been observed to decay into electron-positron pairs with a $6.8~σ$ anomaly. The process is properly explained by a 17 MeV proto-phobic vector boson. In present work, we consider a family-nonuniversal $U(1)^{\prime}$ that is populated by a $U(1)^{\prime}$ gauge boson $Z^\prime$ and a scalar field $S$, charged under $U(1)^{\prime}$ and singlet under the Standard Model (SM) gauge symmetry. The SM chiral fermion and scalar fields are charged under $U(1)^{\prime}$ and we provide them to satisfy the anomaly-free conditions. The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix is reproduc…
The phenomenon of CP violation in the standard model (SM) framework and the decay dynamics have been established from the data obtained from the B factories and so far we have not seen anything new. Nevertheless, there have been instances of deviations in many measured observables in the flavor sector, as far as the data and predictions are concerned. Here we will mention some deviations obtained in measurements related to lepton universality, as seen from the data, and try to understand their implications. To accommodate the observed data we will consider a leptoquark model, which seems to be…
In this work, within the QCD factorization approach, we investigate the branching fractions and CP asymmetries of decays $B \to K_0^*(1430)ρ$ and $B \to K_0^*(1430)ϕ$ under two different scenarios both in the standard model and the family nonuniversal $Z^\prime$ model. We find that the annihilation terms play crucial roles in these decays and lead to the main uncertainties. For decays $B^- \to \bar K_0^{*-} (1430)ρ^0 (ω)$, the new $Z^\prime$ boson could change branching fractions remarkably. However, for other decays, its contribution might be clouded by large uncertainties from annihilations.…
We explore the nonuniversal interaction effects in terms of the precision variables epsilons with the recent LEP data reported by the Electroweak Working Group. The epsilon variables with the nonuniversal interactions are calculated and constrained by the experimental ellipses in the $ε_1$--$ε_b$, $ε_2$--$ε_b$, and $ε_3$--$ε_b$ planes. We find that the new data enables us to make a stringent test on the correction to $Z \to b \bar{b}$ vertex. The $ε_b$ variable is sensitive to the $Z b \bar b$ couplings and thus plays a major role to give constraints on the nonuniversal interaction effects. Up…
We present a detailed study of the same-sign top pair production mediated by a non-universal $Z^\prime$ including production and decay at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the QCD next-to-leading order (NLO) level, using the narrow width approximation and helicity amplitudes method. We find that the QCD NLO corrections can loose the constraint on the model parameters and reduce the dependence of the total cross sections on the factorization scale significantly. We also study the signature and backgrounds of the process at the NLO level. In order to suppress the backgrounds, we further investi…
We study the impacts of nonuniversal $Z^{\prime}$ model, providing flavor changing neutral current at tree level, on the branching ratios (BRs), CP asymmetries (CPAs) and polarization fractions of B decays. We find that for satisfying the current data, the new left- and right-handed couplings have to be included at the same time. The new introduced effective interactions not only could effectively explain the puzzle of small longitudinal polarization in $B\to K^* ϕ$ decays, but also provide a solution to the small CPA of $B^{\pm}\to π^{0} K^{\pm}$. We also find that the favorable CPA of $B^{\p…
We attribute deviations of the muon and electron magnetic moments from the theoretical predictions to the presence of an additional $U(1)^\prime$ supersymmetric model. We interpret the discrepancies between the muon and electron anomalous magnetic moments to be due to the presence of non-universal $U(1)^\prime$ charges. In a minimally extended model, we show that requiring both deviations to be satisfied imposes constraints on the spectrum of the model, in particular on dark matter candidates and slepton masses and ordering. Choosing three benchmarks with distinct dark matter features, we stud…
We construct a class of anomaly-free supersymmetric U(1)' models that are characterized by family non-universal U(1)' charges motivated from E_6 embeddings. The family non-universality arises from an interchange of the standard roles of the two SU(5) 5* representations within the 27 of E_6 for the third generation. We analyze U(1)' and electroweak symmetry breaking and present the particle mass spectrum. The models, which include additional Higgs multiplets and exotic quarks at the TeV scale, result in specific patterns of flavor-changing neutral currents in the b to s transitions that can acc…
Meson decays offer a good opportunity to probe new physics. The rare kaon decay $K^+ \rightarrow π^+ ν\barν$ is one of the cleanest of them and, for this reason, is rather sensitive to new physics, in particular, vector mediators. NA62 collaboration, running a fixed-target experiment at CERN, recently reported an unprecedented sensitivity to this decay, namely a branching fraction of $BR(K^+ \rightarrow π^+ ν\barν) = (11^{+4.0}_{-3.5})\times 10^{-11}$ at 68\% C.L. Vector mediators that couple to neutrinos may yield a sizeable contribution to this decay. Motivated by the new measurement, we int…
Flavor symmetries successfully explain lepton and quark masses and mixings yet it is usually hard to distinguish different models that predict the same mixing angles. Further experimental input could be available, if the agents of flavor breaking are sufficiently low in mass and detectable or if new physics with non-trivial flavor charges is sufficiently low in mass and detectable. The recent hint for lepton-nonuniversality in the ratio of branching fractions $B \to K μμ$ over $B \to K e e$, $R_K$, suggests the latter, at least for indirect detection via rare decays. We demonstrate the discrim…
Among the $Z$-pole observables, $A_{FB}^{(0,b)}$ and $A_e$ suffer moderately-large standard deviations from the Standard Model predictions. Fine-tuning of the unknown Higgs mass only reduces the deviation of one of them at the expense of increasing the deviation of the other observable. If we take this fact seriously, the result can be interpreted as independent experimental evidence of existing new physics beyond SM, even if a 125GeV Higgs on the LHC is finally confirmed to be SM Higgs. We show in this paper that the existence of a $Z'$ boson mixing with $Z$ and $γ$ and with generation-depend…
Possible assignments of $D_{s1}(2700)^\pm$ and $D_{sJ}(2860)$ in the conventional quark model are analyzed. The study indicates that both the orbitally excited $c\bar s$ and the radially excited $c\bar s$ are possible. Some implications to these assignments are explored. If $D_{s1}(2700)^\pm$ and $D_{sJ}(2860)$ are the orbitally excited D-wave $1^- (j^P={3\over 2}^-)$ and $3^- (j^P={5\over 2}^-)$, respectively, another orbitally excited D-wave $2^-$ $D_s$, $D_{s2}(2800)$, is expected. If $D_{s1}(2700)^\pm$ and $D_{sJ}(2860)$ are the first radially excited $1^- (j^P={1\over 2}^-)$ and $0^+ (j^P…
We probe the rare semileptonic decays $B_{(s)} \to K_2^*(1430)(f_2'(1525)) \ell^+\ell^-$ proceeding via $b\to s \ell \ell$ transition in the presence of a light $Z^{\prime}$ boson. We employ the presence of an additional vector type interaction and constrain the new physics coupling parameter using the existing experimental measurements on $R_K$ and $R_{K^*}$ observables. To understand the sensitivity of the new physics coupling, we investigate the impact of this coupling on various physical observables such as differential branching ratio, the forward-backward asymmetry, the lepton polarizati…
We present the results for the Next-to-Leading Order effective hamiltonian for $ΔS\!=\! 1$ decays, in presence of both QCD and QED corrections, and update the existing theoretical predictions for $ε^\prime/ε$. To appear on the Proceedings of the Third KEK Topical Conference on CP Violation, its Implications to Particle Physics and Cosmology, Tsukuba, 16-18 November 1993
Motivated by the recent measurement of the lepton flavour nonuniversality ratio $R_{K^*}$ by the LHCb Collaboration, we study the implications of vector leptoquarks on the observed anomalies associated with the $\bar B \to \bar K^* l^+ l^-$ decay processes. The leptoquark couplings are constrained from the measured branching ratios of $B_s \to l^+ l^-$, $K_L \to l^+ l^-$ and $B_s \to μ^\mp e^\pm$ processes. Using these constrained couplings, we estimate the branching ratios, forward-backward and lepton polarization asymmetries and also the form factor independent optimized observables ($P_{i}^…
The effective $η^\prime g^* g^*$ vertex is studied in the standard (Brodsky-Lepage) and modified hard scattering approaches for arbitrary gluon virtualities in the time-like and space-like regions. The contribution of the gluons in the $η^\prime$-meson is taken into account, and the wave-function is constrained using data on the electromagnetic transition form factor of the $η^\prime$ meson. Our results have implications for the inclusive decay $B \to η^\prime X$ and exclusive decays, such as $B \to η^\prime (K, K^*)$, and in hadronic production processes $N + N (\bar N) \to η^\prime X$.
The measurements of $R_{K}$ and $R_K^{*}$ provide hints for the violation of lepton universality. However, it is generally difficult to explain the $R_{K^*}$ measurement in the low $q^2$ range, $0.045 \le q^2 \le 1.1$ GeV$^2$. Light mediators offer a solution by making the Wilson coefficients $q^2$ dependent. We check if new lepton nonuniversal interactions mediated by a scalar ($S$) or vector particle ($Z^\prime$) of mass between $10-200$ MeV can reproduce the data. We find that a 25 MeV $Z^\prime$ with a $q^2$-dependent $b-s$ coupling and that couples to the electron but not the muon can exp…
We analyse supersymmetric models augmented by an extra $U(1)$ gauge group. To avoid anomalies in these models without introducing exotics, we allow for family-dependent $U(1)^\prime$ charges, and choose a simple form for these, dependent on one $U(1)^\prime$ charge parameter only. With this choice, $Z^\prime$ decays into di-taus but not di-leptons, weakening considerably the constraints on its mass. In the supersymmetric sector, the effect is to lower the singlino mass, allowing it to be the dark matter candidate. We investigate the dark matter constraints and collider implications of such mod…
In this work we study the implication of the fourth generation standard model (SM4) to the single and double lepton polarization asymmetries in the $B\rightarrow K^{\ast}\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$, $(l=μ,τ)$ decay. To see the variation in the values of lepton polarization asymmetries from the standard model values, we have taken lower bound values of CMS and ATLAS for $m_{t^\prime}=404$GeV and 552GeV respectively whereas $ϕ_{sb}$ is vary in two allowed regions $75^\circ-115^\circ$ and $240^\circ-290^\circ$ while for the numerical values of these asymmetries $|λ_{t^\prime}|$ is set to be $6\times10^{-3}…
Study of $χ_{cJ}\to ηηη^\prime$ via intermediate charmed meson loop mechanisms and its implications for non-observation of $η_1(1855)$ in $χ_{cJ}$ decays
College of Physics and Engineering, Qufu Normal University（曲阜师范大学物理工程学院）；Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Henan Normal University（河南师范大学粒子与核物理研究所）；State Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Science and Technology, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院近代物理研究所重离子科学和技术重点实验室）；School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学核科学与技术学院）；Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory (SCNT), Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院近代物理研究所南方核科学理论中心）
Grand Unified Theories (GUT) offer an elegant and unified description of electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions at high energy scales. A phenomenological and exciting possibility to grasp GUT is to search for TeV scale observables arising from Abelian groups embedded in GUT constructions. That said, we use dilepton data (ee and $μμ$) that has been proven to be a golden channel for a wide variety of new phenomena expected in theories beyond the Standard Model to probe GUT-inspired models. Since heavy dilepton resonances feature high signal selection efficiencies and relatively well-under…
We analyze the prospects for light neutralino dark matter in the minimal supersymmetric model extended by a $U(1)$ gauge group. We allow the neutralino to be an arbitrary admixture of singlet and doublet higgsinos, as well as of the three gauginos, and we require agreement with the data from the direct and indirect dark matter detection experiments, while maintaining consistency of the model with the relic density and with the recent Higgs data from the LHC. The constraints have implications for the structure of the lightest neutralino as a dark matter candidate, indicating that it is largely …
The SM prediction for the ratio $\varepsilon^\prime/\varepsilon$ appears to be significantly below the experimental data. Also $\varepsilon_K$ in the SM tends to be below the data. Any NP removing these anomalies will first of all have impact on flavour observables in the $K$ meson system, in particular on rare $K$ decays and $ΔM_K$. Restricting the operators contributing to $\varepsilon^\prime/\varepsilon$ to the SM ones and to the corresponding primed operators, NP contributions are quite generally dominated either by QCD penguin (QCDP) operators $Q_6(Q_6^\prime)$ or electroweak penguin (EWP…
In light of the recent data from BES collaboration for $χ_{c0}\to VV$, $PP$ and $SS$, and from CLEO-c for $ηη$, $η^\primeη^\prime$ and $ηη^\prime$, we present a detailed analysis of the decays of heavy quarkonia into light meson pairs such as $χ_{c0,2}\to VV$, $PP$ and $SS$ in a recently proposed parametrization scheme. An overall agreement with the data is achieved in $χ_{c0,2}\to VV$ and $PP$, while in $χ_{c0}\to SS$ we find that a possible existence of glueball-$q\bar{q}$ mixings is correlated with the OZI-rule violations, which can be further examined at CLEO-c and BESIII in $χ_{c0}\to SS$…
The measurement of forward-backward asymmetry in the top and anti-top quark ($t \bar{t}$) production has been recently reconfirmed by the CDF Collaboration and shows a more than $3σ$ deviation from the Standard Model(SM) prediction in the large $t \bar{t}$ invariant mass region. Models with new W$^{\prime}$ or Z$^{\prime}$ bosons have been invoked to explain this deviation. In the context of these models we perform a $χ^2$ analysis with all the available experimental numbers in different $ΔY$ and $M_{t \bar{t}}$ bins. We show that for the $Z^{\prime}$ model the region of parameter space which …
We analyse $Z^\prime$ contributions to FCNC processes at the one-loop level. In analogy to the CKM matrix we introduce two $3\times3$ unitary matrices $\hatΔ_d(Z^\prime)$ and $\hatΔ_u(Z^\prime)$ which are also hermitian. They govern the flavour interactions mediated by $Z^\prime$ between down-quarks and up-quarks, respectively, with $\hatΔ_d(Z^\prime)=\hatΔ_u(Z^\prime)\equiv \hatΔ_L(Z^\prime)$ for left-handed currents due to the unbroken $\text{SU(2)}_L$ gauge symmetry. This assures the suppression of these contributions to all $Z^\prime$ mediated FCNC processes at the one-loop level. As, in c…
We have studied phenomenological implications of several family non-universal U(1)$^\prime$ sub-models in the U(1)$^\prime$-extended Minimal Supersysmmetric Standard Model (UMSSM) possesing an extra down quark type exotic field. In doing this, we have started by enforcing anomaly cancellation criteria to generate a number of solutions in which the extra U(1)$^\prime$ charges of the particles are treated as free parameters. We have then imposed existing bounds coming from colliders and astrophysical observations on the assumed sub-models and observed that current limits dictate certain charge o…
The effects of new neutral $Z^\prime$ boson in $B_{s}\toϕ\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$, when $ϕ$ is longitudinal or transverse polarized, are studied. In addition, the implications of $Z^{\prime}$ boson on the unpolarized and polarized $CP$ violation asymmetries, with reference to lepton, are also presented. It is observed that the branching ratio with polarized $ϕ$ are quite sensitive to the $Z^{\prime}$ contributions which are coming through the modification of Wilson coefficients $C^{eff}_{9}$ and $C_{10}$. Moreover, the off-diagonal elements of the chiral $Z^{\prime}$ couplings contain new weak phase …
The PAMELA positron excess is analyzed within the framework of nonuniversal SUGRA models with an extended $U(1)^n$ gauge symmetry in the hidden sector leading to neutralino dark matter with either a mixed Higgsino-wino LSP or an essentially pure wino dominated LSP. The Higgsino-wino LSP can produce the observed PAMELA positron excess and satisfy relic density constraints in the extended class of models due to a near degeneracy of the mass spectrum of the extended neutralino sector with the LSP mass. The simultaneous satisfaction of the WMAP relic density data and the PAMELA data is accomplishe…
$Z^\prime$ models belong to the ones that can most easily explain the anomalies in $b\to s μ^+μ^-$ transitions. However, such an explanation by a single $Z^\prime$ gauge boson, as done in the literature, is severly constrained by the $B^0_s-\bar B_s^0$ mixing. Also the recent finding, hat the mass differences $ΔM_s$, $ΔM_d$, the CP-violating parameter $\varepsilon_K$, and the mixing induced CP-asymmetries $S_{ψK_S}$ and $S_{ψϕ}$ can be simultaneously well described within the SM without new physics (NP) contributions, is a challenge for $Z^\prime$ models with a single $Z^\prime$ contributing a…
Within $Z^\prime$ models, neutral meson mixing severely constrains beyond the Standard Model (SM) effects in flavour changing neutral current (FCNC) processes. However, in certain regions of the $Z^\prime$ parameter space, the contributions to meson mixing observables become negligibly small even for large $Z^\prime$ couplings. While this a priori allows for significant new physics (NP) effects in FCNC decays, we discuss how large $Z^\prime$ couplings in one neutral meson sector can generate effects in meson mixing observables of other neutral mesons, through correlations stemming from $\text{…
$SU(2)_L$-invariance links charged dilepton $\bar q\,q^\prime\,\ell^+\,\ell^-$ and dineutrino $\bar q\, q^\prime\, \barν\,ν$ couplings. This connection can be established using the Standard Model Effective Field Theory framework, and allows to perform complementary experimental tests of lepton universality and charged lepton flavor conservation with flavor-summed dineutrino observables. We present its phenomenological implications for the branching ratios of rare charm decays $c\to u\,ν\,\barν$ and rare $B$ decays $b\to s\,\barν\,ν$ decays.
We investigate a class of models for new physics which could produce a large difference in sin 2 beta between B0-> J/ψK(S) and the ``pure penguin'' mode B0-> phi K(S). In such models, the dominant effect is through a Z-penguin and therefore a pattern of deviation in sin 2beta as measured in B0-> chi(1) K(S); eta(c) K(S); J/ψK(S) and psi-prime K(S) is predicted. If the preliminary data concerning the discrepancy between J/ψK(S) and phi K(S) proves correct in magnitude, discrepancies in these other modes would likely be observable. We also consider the effects such new physics could have on the …
We point out that the recent Belle measurements of the $B_{d/s} \to J/Ψη^{(')}$ decays imply large pseudoscalar glueball contents in the $η^{(\prime)}$ meson. These decays are studied in the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach, considering the $η$-$η'$-$G$ mixing, where $G$ represents the pseudoscalar glueball. It is shown that the PQCD predictions for the $B_{d/s} \to J/Ψη^{(')}$ branching ratios agree well with the data for the mixing angle $ϕ_G\approx 30^\circ$ between the flavor-singlet state and the pure pseudoscalar glueball. Extending the formalism to the $η$-$η'$-$G$-$η_c$ tetramixing, th…
The forward-backward asymmetry for top quarks measured in proton-antiproton collisions at the Tevatron shows an interesting deviation from standard model expectations. Among possible interpretations, the exchange of a non-universal, flavor-changing $Z^\prime$ is of some interest as it naturally predicts a top quark in the forward region of rapidity. To reproduce the size of the Tevatron asymmetry, the couplings of the $Z^\prime$ to standard model quarks must be large, inevitably leading to production of same-sign top quark pairs at the Tevatron and at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We discus…
The experimental data on the processes $ππ\toππ,K\bar{K},ηη,ηη^\prime$ in the $I^GJ^{PC}=0^+0^{++}$ channel have been jointly analyzed to study the status and nature of the $f_0$. The method of analysis is based on analyticity and unitarity and uses an uniformization procedure. Some spectroscopic implications from results of the analysis are discussed.
I review possible resolution of the $J/ψ(ψ^{\prime}) \to ρ-π$ puzzle based on two inputs: the relative phase between the one- photon and the gluonic decay amplitudes, and a possible hadronic excess in the inclusive nonelectromagnetic decay rate of $ψ^{\prime}$. The status of a universal large phase here is examined for its meaning and implications (including those for B-physics). Since the future of tau/charm facility(s) are again under consideration together with a future anti-proton facility at GSI, I propose to extend my review to include a broader discussion of charmonium physics. Outstand…
By assuming that Y(4260) either is a $D_1\bar{D}$ molecular state, or has sizeable couplings with $D_0 \bar{D}^*$ and $D_1^\prime \bar{D}$, we investigate several decay modes of Y(4260). Under the special kinematic configurations, triangle singularity (TS) may occur in the rescattering amplitude, which will significantly change the threshold behavior. Obvious threshold enhancements or narrow cusp structures appear quite naturally without introducing a genuine resonance. We emphasize that the radiative decay modes may be useful for studying $D^{(*)}\bar{D}$ $S$-wave scattering.
Many extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of new charged or neutral gauge bosons, with a wide variety of phenomenological implications depending on the model adopted. The search for such particles is extensively carried through at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and it is therefore of crucial importance to have for each proposed scenario quantitative predictions that can be matched to experiments. In this work we focus on the implications of one of these models, the TopFlavor Model, proposing a charged $\text{W}^\prime$ boson that has preferential couplings to the third gene…
Recently, the standard model predictions for the $B$-meson hadronic decays, $\bar{B}^0 \to D^{(\ast)+}K^-$ and $\bar{B}^0_s \to D^{(\ast)+}_s π^-$, have been updated based on the QCD factorization approach. This improvement sheds light on a novel puzzle in the $B$-meson hadronic decays: there are mild but universal tensions between data and the predicted branching ratios. Assuming the higher-order QCD corrections are not huge enough to solve the tension, we examine several new physics interpretations of this puzzle. We find that the tension can be partially explained by a left-handed $W^\prime…
The implications of the family non-universal $Z^\prime$ model in the $B\to K_{1}(1270,1400)\ell^{+}\ell^{-}(\ell=e\,,μ\,,τ)$ decays are explored, where the mass eigenstates $K_{1}(1270,1400)$ are the mixtures of $^{1}{P}_{1}$ and $^{3}{P}_{1}$ states with the mixing angle $θ$. In this work, considering the $Z^\prime$ boson and setting the mixing angle $θ=(-34\pm13)^{\circ}$, we analyze the branching ratio, the dilepton invariant mass spectrum, the normalized forward-backward asymmetry and lepton polarization asymmetries of each decay mode. We find that all observables of $B\to K_{1}(1270)μ^{+}…
We investigate the Standard Model (SM) with a $U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge extension where a $B-L$ charged scalar is a viable dark matter (DM) candidate. The dominant annihilation process, for the DM particle is through the $B-L$ symmetry breaking scalar to right-handed neutrino pair. We exploit the effect of decay and inverse decay of the right-handed neutrino in thermal relic abundance of the DM. Depending on the values of the decay rate, the DM relic density can be significantly different from what is obtained in the standard calculation assuming the right-handed neutrino is in thermal equilibrium an…
Recently the RBC-UKQCD lattice collaboration presented new results for the hadronic matrix elements relevant for the ratio $\varepsilon'/\varepsilon$ in the Standard Model (SM). With the present knowledge of the Wilson coefficients and isospin breaking effects there is still much room for new physics (NP) contributions to $\varepsilon'/\varepsilon$ which could both enhance or suppress this ratio to agree with the data. The new SM value for the $K^0-\bar K^0$ mass difference $ΔM_K$ from RBC-UKQCD is on the other hand by $2σ$ above the data hinting for NP required to suppress $ΔM_K$. Simultaneou…
