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arXiv 1111.5798cond-mat.stat-mech
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受驱动随机洛伦兹气体中的非平衡涨落

Non-equilibrium fluctuations in a driven stochastic Lorentz gas

G. Gradenigo, U. Marini Bettolo Marconi, A. Puglisi, A. Sarracino

摘要:

我们研究了一个一维动力学模型的定态,其中探测粒子被外场E驱动,与温度为T的粒子池发生弹性或非弹性碰撞。我们专注于粒子速度的平稳分布,以及总熵产生Δs_tot的两个估计。一个是介质的熵产生Δs_m,它等于与散射体交换的能量除以参数θ,与E=0时的粒子温度一致。另一个是外场所做的功W,再次用θ重新标度。在小E时,发现两个分布的良好崩溃:在这种情况下,这两个量也验证了波动关系(FR),表明两者都是Δs_tot的良好近似。相应地,当E较大时,W的涨落违反了FR,而Δs_m仍然验证了FR。

英文摘要:

We study the stationary state of a one-dimensional kinetic model where a probe particle is driven by an external field E and collides, elastically or inelastically, with a bath of particles at temperature T. We focus on the stationary distribution of the velocity of the particle, and of two estimates of the total entropy production Δs_tot. One is the entropy production of the medium Δs_m, which is equal to the energy exchanged with the scatterers, divided by a parameter θ, coinciding with the particle temperature at E=0. The other is the work W done by the external field, again rescaled by θ. At small E, a good collapse of the two distributions is found: in this case the two quantities also verify the Fluctuation Relation (FR), indicating that both are good approximations of Δs_tot. Differently, for large values of E, the fluctuations of W violate the FR, while Δs_m still verifies it.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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