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arXiv 1111.5043gr-qchep-th
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多流体宇宙学:基本原理的说明

Multi-fluid cosmology: An illustration of fundamental principles

G. L. Comer, Patrick Peter, N. Andersson

摘要:

我们目前对宇宙的理解取决于几种不同的“物质”成分的相互作用,它们主要通过引力和电磁辐射相互作用。不同组分的性质和可能的相互作用往往基于耦合的理想流体(或标量场)的概念。这种方法有些天真,特别是如果人们想考虑涉及热流、耗散机制或暗物质的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的问题。我们认为,一个更自然的出发点将是多用途变分相对论多流体系统,迄今为止主要是应用于中子星天体物理。作为所涉及的基本原则的说明,我们开发的形式主义,以确定非线性宇宙学的解决方案,爱因斯坦方程的广义相对论性双流体模型的耦合系统的物质(非零静止质量)和“辐射”(零静止质量)。这两种流体可以相互渗透,并表现出相对于彼此的相对流动,这意味着,一般来说,一个各向异性的宇宙。我们使用的初始条件,使无质量的流体流量占主导地位的早期,使情况有效地是一个单一的流体和一个通常的弗里德曼-勒梅特-罗伯逊-沃克(FLRW)时空。我们发现,有一个比安基我过渡时期的物质通量占主导地位。这种情况实际上是单一流体的情况,时空朝着FLRW形式演化。这样的过渡开辟了在对应于过渡时间的特定尺度上印刻可观察到的后果的可能性。

英文摘要:

Our current understanding of the Universe depends on the interplay of several distinct "matter" components, which interact mainly through gravity, and electromagnetic radiation. The nature of the different components, and possible interactions, tends to be based on the notion of coupled perfect fluids (or scalar fields). This approach is somewhat naive, especially if one wants to be able to consider issues involving heat flow, dissipative mechanisms, or Bose-Einstein condensation of dark matter. We argue that a more natural starting point would be the multi-purpose variational relativistic multi-fluid system that has so far mainly been applied to neutron star astrophysics. As an illustration of the fundamental principles involved, we develop the formalism for determining the non-linear cosmological solutions to the Einstein equations for a general relativistic two-fluid model for a coupled system of matter (non-zero rest mass) and "radiation" (zero rest mass). The two fluids are allowed to interpenetrate and exhibit a relative flow with respect to each other, implying, in general, an anisotropic Universe. We use initial conditions such that the massless fluid flux dominates early on so that the situation is effectively that of a single fluid and one has the usual Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime. We find that there is a Bianchi I transition epoch out of which the matter flux dominates. The situation is then effectively that of a single fluid and the spacetime evolves towards the FLRW form. Such a transition opens up the possibility of imprinting observable consequences at the specific scale corresponding to the transition time.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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