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arXiv 1111.1425quant-ph
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物质密度与波函数坍缩的相对论模型

Matter Density and Relativistic Models of Wave Function Collapse

Daniel Bedingham, Detlef Duerr, GianCarlo Ghirardi, Sheldon Goldstein, Roderich Tumulka, Nino Zanghi

摘要:

波函数的随机演化的数学模型结合了根据薛定谔方程的幺正演化和量子理论的坍缩假设,对于非相对论性量子力学是很好理解的。最近,在使这些模型相对论化方面取得了进展。但是,即使波函数的演化完全符合相对论性定律,相对论的一个问题仍然存在:不同的洛伦兹框架可能会在时空点上产生相互矛盾的物质密度值。我们在这里提出了一个相对论性的物质密度函数的法律。根据我们的建议,时空点x处的物质密度函数可以通过将|psi| ^2中的第i个粒子位置设为x,对其他粒子位置积分,然后对i求平均,由x过去光锥上的波函数psi得到。我们表明,从这个建议遵循的预测与所有已知的实验事实。

英文摘要:

Mathematical models for the stochastic evolution of wave functions that combine the unitary evolution according to the Schroedinger equation and the collapse postulate of quantum theory are well understood for non-relativistic quantum mechanics. Recently, there has been progress in making these models relativistic. But even with a fully relativistic law for the wave function evolution, a problem with relativity remains: Different Lorentz frames may yield conflicting values for the matter density at a space-time point. We propose here a relativistic law for the matter density function. According to our proposal, the matter density function at a space-time point x is obtained from the wave function psi on the past light cone of x by setting the i-th particle position in |psi|^2 equal to x, integrating over the other particle positions, and averaging over i. We show that the predictions that follow from this proposal agree with all known experimental facts.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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