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arXiv 1111.0514astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HEnucl-th
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中子星震和动力地壳

Neutron starquakes and the dynamic crust

Anna L. Watts

摘要:

磁星是磁化最强的中子星,其磁场的衰变会产生壮观的伽马射线耀斑。快速变化的磁场足够强大,应该能够对恒星的地壳施加压力并使其破裂,从而可能产生有趣的地震后果。几年前,随着罕见的巨型耀斑激发的长寿命地震振动的发现,这一点得到了戏剧性的证实。与巨大耀斑相关的星震,似乎是如此的灾难性,以至于它们让整个恒星都在鸣响。这些发现开启了利用星震学研究中子星内部极端条件的可能性--地壳和地核中的致密物质状态方程,以及地核磁场。本章回顾了在巨型耀斑中看到的振荡的主要观测特性,以及磁星中全球地震振动的理论模型的最新发展。我讨论的努力扩大振荡搜索较小的磁星爆发(这是更频繁,但能量较低),地壳破裂可能在触发磁星耀斑和激发全球地震振荡的作用。

英文摘要:

The most strongly magnetized neutron stars, the magnetars, have spectacular outbursts of gamma-ray flares powered by decay of the magnetic field. The rapidly changing field is strong enough that it should be able to stress and rupture the star's crust, with potentially interesting seismic consequences. This was confirmed in dramatic fashion a few years ago with the discovery of long-lived seismic vibrations excited by rare giant flares. The starquakes associated with the giant flares are, it seems, so catastrophic that they leave the whole star ringing. These discoveries have opened up the possibility of using asteroseismology to study the extreme conditions of the neutron star interior - the dense matter equation of state in crust and core, and the core magnetic field. This chapter reviews the main observational properties of the oscillations seen in the giant flares, and the state of the art in terms of theoretical models of global seismic vibrations in magnetars. I discuss efforts to extend oscillation searches to smaller magnetar bursts (which are more frequent but less energetic), and the role that crust rupturing might play in triggering magnetar flares and exciting global seismic oscillations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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