中子星壳破裂应变与引力波
The Breaking Strain of Neutron Star Crust and Gravitational Waves
摘要：
快速旋转的中子星上的山脉有效地辐射出引力波。这些山的最大可能大小取决于中子星地壳的破裂应变。与数百万离子分子动力学模拟的库仑固体代表地壳，我们表明，纯单晶的断裂应变是非常大的，杂质，缺陷和晶界只有适度降低断裂应变到0.1左右。由于在我们的模拟中发现的失败期间离子的集体行为，中子星地壳可能非常坚固，可以支撑足够大的山脉，因此它们的引力波辐射可以限制一些恒星的自旋周期，并且可以在大尺度干涉仪中检测到。此外，我们对中子星壳物质的微观模拟可以帮助分析磁星巨耀斑和微耀斑的相关机制。
英文摘要：
Mountains on rapidly rotating neutron stars efficiently radiate gravitational waves. The maximum possible size of these mountains depends on the breaking strain of neutron star crust. With multi-million ion molecular dynamics simulations of Coulomb solids representing the crust, we show that the breaking strain of pure single crystals is very large and that impurities, defects, and grain boundaries only modestly reduce the breaking strain to around 0.1. Due to the collective behavior of the ions during failure found in our simulations, the neutron star crust is likely very strong and can support mountains large enough so that their gravitational wave radiation could limit the spin periods of some stars and might be detectable in large scale interferometers. Furthermore, our microscopic modeling of neutron star crust material can help analyze mechanisms relevant in magnetar giant and micro flares.
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