低质量中子星的引力波
Gravitational Waves From Low Mass Neutron Stars
摘要：
低质量中子星可能是唯一的强引力波源。中子星壳可以承受低质量恒星的大变形。这是因为恒星的引力较弱。我们发现最大的椭圆率$ε$（分数差异的惯性矩）是1000倍大，最大四极矩$Q_{22}$超过100倍大，低质量的恒星比1.4 $M_\odot$中子星。事实上，我们计算出地壳可以支持最小质量中子星的$ε$为0.01。一颗0.12 $M_\odot$的恒星，在最大应变和100赫兹的旋转下，将在1千秒差距的距离上产生$h_0=2.1\times 10^{-24}$的特征引力波应变。GW探测器Advanced LIGO应该对整个银河系的此类物体敏感。
英文摘要：
Low mass neutron stars may be uniquely strong sources of gravitational waves (GW). The neutron star crust can support large deformations for low mass stars. This is because of the star's weaker gravity. We find maximum ellipticities $ε$ (fractional difference in moments of inertia) that are 1000 times larger, and maximum quadrupole moments $Q_{22}$ over 100 times larger, for low mass stars than for 1.4 $M_\odot$ neutron stars. Indeed, we calculate that the crust can support an $ε$ as large as 0.01 for a minimum mass neutron star. A 0.12 $M_\odot$ star, that is maximally strained and rotating at 100 Hz, will produce a characteristic gravitational wave strain of $h_0=2.1\times 10^{-24}$ at a distance of 1 kpc. The GW detector Advanced LIGO should be sensitive to such objects through out the Milky Way Galaxy.
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