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arXiv 1109.6350astro-ph.EP
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主带彗星P/2010 R2(La Sagra)的观测和动力学特征

Observational and Dynamical Characterization of Main-Belt Comet P/2010 R2 (La Sagra)

Henry H. Hsieh, Bin Yang, Nader Haghighipour, Bojan Novakovic, Robert Jedicke, Richard J. Wainscoat, Larry Denneau, Shinsuke Abe, Wen-Ping Chen, Alan Fitzsimmon… 展开作者

Henry H. Hsieh, Bin Yang, Nader Haghighipour, Bojan Novakovic, Robert Jedicke, Richard J. Wainscoat, Larry Denneau, Shinsuke Abe, Wen-Ping Chen, Alan Fitzsimmons, Mikael Granvik, Tommy Grav, Wing Ip, Heather M. Kaluna, Daisuke Kinoshita, Jan Kleyna, Matthew M. Knight, Pedro Lacerda, Carey M. Lisse, Eric Maclennan, Karen J. Meech, Marco Micheli, Andrea Milani, Jana Pittichova, Eva Schunova, David J. Tholen, Lawrence H. Wasserman, William S. Burgett, K. C. Chambers, Jim N. Heasley, N. Kaiser, Eugene A. Magnier, Jeffrey S. Morgan, Paul A. Price, Uffe G. Jorgensen, Martin Dominik, Tobias Hinse, Kailash Sahu, Colin Snodgrass

摘要:

我们目前的观测彗星状的主带对象P/2010 R2(La Sagra)获得的泛星1和Faulkes望远镜北哈雷阿卡拉在夏威夷,夏威夷大学的2.2米,双子座北,凯克我望远镜莫纳克亚山,丹麦1.54米望远镜在拉西拉,和艾萨克牛顿望远镜在拉帕尔马。从2010年8月到2011年2月观测到反日尘埃尾,而从2010年12月到2011年8月也观测到与物体轨道平面对齐的尘埃尾。假设P/La Sagra有典型的相位变暗行为,在2010年8月至12月期间,其亮度增加超过1等,表明在此期间尘埃的产生仍在进行。这些结果强烈表明,观察到的活动是彗星的性质(即,这颗彗星是由挥发性物质的升华驱动的),因此P/La Sagra是最近发现的主带彗星。我们得到了一个近似的绝对星等,其核的H_R=17.9+/-0.2等,对应的核半径约为0.7 km,假设p=0.05。使用光谱学,我们没有发现升华产物的证据(即,气体排放),发现上限CN生产率Q_CN<6 × 10^23 mol/s,由此我们推断出H2O生产率Q_H2O <10^26 mol/s。数值模拟显示,P/La Sagra在超过1亿年的时间内是动力学稳定的,这表明它可能是其当前位置的原生天体,其组成可能代表了主带同一区域的其他天体,尽管与木星的13:6平均运动共振以及与木星和土星的(3,-2,-1)三体平均运动共振相对接近,这意味着不能排除更大时间尺度上的动力学不稳定性。

英文摘要:

We present observations of comet-like main-belt object P/2010 R2 (La Sagra) obtained by Pan-STARRS 1 and the Faulkes Telescope-North on Haleakala in Hawaii, the University of Hawaii 2.2 m, Gemini-North, and Keck I telescopes on Mauna Kea, the Danish 1.54 m telescope at La Silla, and the Isaac Newton Telescope on La Palma. An antisolar dust tail is observed from August 2010 through February 2011, while a dust trail aligned with the object's orbit plane is also observed from December 2010 through August 2011. Assuming typical phase darkening behavior, P/La Sagra is seen to increase in brightness by >1 mag between August 2010 and December 2010, suggesting that dust production is ongoing over this period. These results strongly suggest that the observed activity is cometary in nature (i.e., driven by the sublimation of volatile material), and that P/La Sagra is therefore the most recent main-belt comet to be discovered. We find an approximate absolute magnitude for the nucleus of H_R=17.9+/-0.2 mag, corresponding to a nucleus radius of ~0.7 km, assuming an albedo of p=0.05. Using optical spectroscopy, we find no evidence of sublimation products (i.e., gas emission), finding an upper limit CN production rate of Q_CN<6x10^23 mol/s, from which we infer an H2O production rate of Q_H2O<10^26 mol/s. Numerical simulations indicate that P/La Sagra is dynamically stable for >100 Myr, suggesting that it is likely native to its current location and that its composition is likely representative of other objects in the same region of the main belt, though the relatively close proximity of the 13:6 mean-motion resonance with Jupiter and the (3,-2,-1) three-body mean-motion resonance with Jupiter and Saturn mean that dynamical instability on larger timescales cannot be ruled out.

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