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arXiv 1109.3595astro-ph.SR
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O星的氮谱线光谱-- I.氮III发射谱线的形成

Nitrogen line spectroscopy of O-stars -- I. Nitrogen III emission line formation revisited

Jorge G. Rivero Gonzalez, Joachim Puls, Francisco Najarro

摘要:

这是第一个文件中的一系列处理光学氮光谱的O型星,旨在分析氮丰度。我们在NLTE大气/光谱合成代码FASTWIND中实现了一个新的氮模型原子,并将得到的4634/40/42 A处的光学NIII线与其他预测进行了比较,这些预测主要来自Mihalas和Hummer(1973,ApJ 179,827,“MH”)以及替代代码CMFGEN。使用与MH类似的模型大气(没有覆盖和无风),我们能够重现他们的结果,特别是三重态发射线。根据MH,这些应该与双电子复合(DR)和某些双电子跃迁的漏极密切相关。然而,使用现实的,完全线覆盖的大气在太阳丰度,DR控制这些排放功能的关键作用被取代-O-星的条件-由恒星风和金属丰度的强度。在无风模型的情况下,由此产生的较低的电离极紫外通量严重抑制了排放。随着质量损失率的增加,在近光球速度场存在下通过NIII共振线的泵浦导致净光学三重线发射。与来自CMFGEN的结果的比较基本上是令人满意的,除了30 kK < Teff < 35 kK的范围之外,其中CMFGEN在比FASTWIND低的Teff处触发三重态发射。这种效应可以追溯到NIII和OIII谐振线之间的线重叠效应,到目前为止,FASTWIND无法模拟这种效应。由于DR和“两个电子漏”的效率强烈依赖于线覆盖/阻塞的程度,我们预测的排放变得更强,在金属贫乏的环境中,虽然较低的风强度和氮丰度可能会抵消这种效果。弱风的恒星应该比“正常”风的恒星显示更少的三重态发射。

英文摘要:

This is the first paper in a series dealing with optical Nitrogen spectroscopy of O-type stars, aiming at the analysis of Nitrogen abundances. We implemented a new Nitrogen model atom into the NLTE atmosphere/spectrum synthesis code FASTWIND, and compare the resulting optical NIII lines at 4634/40/42 A with other predictions, mostly from Mihalas & Hummer (1973, ApJ 179, 827,`MH'), and from the alternative code CMFGEN. Using similar model atmospheres as MH (not blanketed and wind-free), we are able to reproduce their results, in particular the triplet emission lines. According to MH, these should be strongly related to dielectronic recombination (DR) and the drain by certain two-electron transitions. However, using realistic, fully line-blanketed atmospheres at solar abundances, the key role of DR controlling these emission features is superseded -- for O-star conditions -- by the strength of the stellar wind and metallicity. In the case of wind-free models, the resulting lower ionizing EUV-fluxes severely suppress the emission. As the mass-loss rate is increased, pumping through the NIII resonance line(s) in the presence of a near-photospheric velocity field results in a net optical triplet line emission. A comparison with results from CMFGEN is mostly satisfactory, except for the range 30 kK < Teff < 35 kK, where CMFGEN triggers the triplet emission at lower Teff than FASTWIND. This effect could be traced down to line overlap effects between the NIII and OIII resonance lines that so far cannot be simulated by FASTWIND. Since the efficiency of DR and `two electron drain' strongly depends on the degree of line-blanketing/-blocking, we predict the emission to become stronger in a metal-poor environment, though lower wind-strengths and Nitrogen abundances might counteract this effect. Weak winded stars should display less triplet emission than stars with `normal' winds.

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