发表机构
Center for Astrophysics, Harvard and Smithsonian; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; University of Virginia; University of Chicago; Carleton College; University of Texas at Austin; Portsmouth University; University of Geneva; Keele University; University of Tokyo（哈佛与史密森尼天体物理中心; 塞萨洛尼基亚里士多德大学; 弗吉尼亚大学; 芝加哥大学; 卡尔顿学院; 德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校; 朴茨茅斯大学; 日内瓦大学; 基尔大学; 东京大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过日内瓦模型模拟快速旋转的第三族恒星演化，计算其CNO产率，发现高氮产率不一定对应高N/O比，为解释JWST观测的高红移富氮星系提供了新数据集。
AI 中文摘要
JWST揭示了高红移星系中快速的氮富集现象，重新激发了对于超越主序并经历最终命运的金属自由恒星产率的需求。我们展示了快速旋转的第三族恒星的日内瓦恒星演化模型，其初始质量范围为$5 \leq M_{\rm ini}/M_\odot \leq 200$，初始旋转速度与临界速度之比为$\upsilon_{\rm ini}/\upsilon_{\rm crit}=0.7$，并演化至核心氧燃烧结束。我们使用依赖于最终命运的残骸预设，涵盖了核心坍缩、脉动对不稳定性和完全对不稳定性，计算了总采纳的抛射质量。我们的定量结果聚焦于流体静力学产生的CNO物质，而更重的元素种类则作为最终模型的储存库处理。旋转通过将新合成的碳和氧混合到氢燃烧层中产生初始CNO物质，在那里CNO循环生成氮。由此产生的丰度特征强烈依赖于哪些恒星层逃逸。留下致密残骸的模型可以达到$\log({\rm N/O})=-0.49$，同时保持贫于富含Si/S/Ar/Ca的物质。PISN模型抛射出最大的氮质量，$M_{\rm N}=1.8$--$2.5,M_\odot$，但也释放出$57$--$65,M_\odot$的氧，将$\log({\rm N/O})$降低至$-1.44$到$-1.29$。因此，高氮产率并不意味着高N/O比。这一趋势在IMF加权后持续存在，因为日益顶部加重的种群增加氧和深层α物质的速度快于构建以氮为主的混合物。我们的网格提供了一个新的以CNO为重点的快速增丰数据集，用于解释包括GN-z11、CEERS-1019和GS 3073在内的富氮系统。
英文摘要
JWST has revealed rapid nitrogen enrichment in high redshift galaxies, renewing the need for stellar yields that follow metal free stars beyond the main sequence and across their final fates. We present Geneva stellar evolution models of rapidly rotating Pop~III stars with $5 \leq M_{\rm ini}/M_\odot \leq 200$ and $\upsilon_{\rm ini}/\upsilon_{\rm crit}=0.7$, evolved to the end of core O-burning. We calculate gross adopted ejecta masses using fate dependent remnant prescriptions spanning core collapse, pulsational pair instability, and complete pair instability. Our quantitative results focus on hydrostatically produced CNO material, while heavier species are treated as final-model reservoirs. Rotation produces primary CNO material by mixing newly synthesized C and O into H-burning layers, where CNO cycling generates nitrogen. The resulting abundance signature depends strongly on which stellar layers escape. Models leaving compact remnants can reach $\log({\rm N/O})=-0.49$ while remaining poor in Si/S/Ar/Ca-rich material. PISN models eject the largest nitrogen masses, $M_{\rm N}=1.8$--$2.5,M_\odot$, but also release $57$--$65,M_\odot$ of oxygen, lowering $\log({\rm N/O})$ to $-1.44$ to $-1.29$. Thus, high nitrogen yields do not imply high N/O ratios. This trend persists after IMF weighting, as increasingly top-heavy populations add oxygen and deep alpha material faster than they build a nitrogen dominated mixture. Our grid provides a new CNO-focused prompt-enrichment dataset for interpreting nitrogen-rich systems including GN-z11, CEERS-1019, and GS~3073.
Comments21 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Submitted to ApJ. Comments are welcome
