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arXiv 1108.2018cs.GTmath.OC
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参与成本高昂的资源分配

Resource allocation with costly participation

Ali Kakhbod

摘要:

我们提出了一个新的全付拍卖格式,其中风险爱好的投标人支付一个恒定的费用,每次他们投标的对象,其货币价值是共同的知识,投标费用是唯一的利益来源的卖方。我们证明了该模型存在{唯一}对称子博弈完美均衡(SSPE)。当拍卖中允许重新进入时,其特征SSPE是平稳的,当禁止重新进入时,它是马尔可夫完美的。此外,我们充分描述了卖方的预期收入。通常,无论是否重新进入,卖方选择$v$(对象的价值)、$s$(销售价格)和$c$(投标费)使得$\frac{v-s}{c}$变得足够大都是更有利的。特别地,当允许再次进入时:卖方的期望收益是投标者数量的\emph{independent},在出售价格中减少,在对象的价值中增加,在投标费用中减少;并且,当玩家是风险中性时,卖方的收益等于对象的价值,当投标者是风险爱好者时,它严格大于对象的价值。我们进一步表明,允许重新进入在实践中可能是重要的。因为,如果卖家进行这样的拍卖而不允许重新进入,拍卖会将持续很长时间,并且几乎所有的时间都只剩下两个玩家。因此,卖方的收入取决于这两个玩家是否愿意参与可能持续数千轮的拍卖,没有任何中断

英文摘要:

We propose a new all-pay auction format in which risk-loving bidders pay a constant fee each time they bid for an object whose monetary value is common knowledge among the bidders, and bidding fees are the only source of benefit for the seller. We show that for the proposed model there exists a {unique} Symmetric Subgame Perfect Equilibrium (SSPE). The characterized SSPE is stationary when re-entry in the auction is allowed, and it is Markov perfect when re-entry is forbidden. Furthermore, we fully characterize the expected revenue of the seller. Generally, with or without re-entry, it is more beneficial for the seller to choose $v$ (value of the object), $s$ (sale price), and $c$ (bidding fee) such that $\frac{v-s}{c}$ becomes sufficiently large. In particular, when re-entry is permitted: the expected revenue of the seller is \emph{independent} of the number of bidders, decreasing in the sale price, increasing in the value of the object, and decreasing in the bidding fee; Moreover, the seller's revenue is equal to the value of the object when players are risk neutral, and it is strictly greater than the value of the object when bidders are risk-loving. We further show that allowing re-entry can be important in practice. Because, if the seller were to run such an auction without allowing re-entry, the auction would last a long time, and for almost all of its duration have only two remaining players. Thus, the seller's revenue relies on those two players being willing to participate, without any breaks, in an auction that might last for thousands of rounds

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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