We propose the inverse seesaw mechanism as a way to understand small Majorana masses for neutrinos in warped extra dimension models with seesaw scale in the TeV range. The ultra-small lepton number violation needed in implementing inverse seesaw mechanism in 4D models is explained in this model as a consequence of lepton number breaking occurring on the Planck brane. We construct realistic models based on this idea that fit observed neutrino oscillation data for both normal and inverted mass patterns. We compute the corrections to light neutrino masses from the Kaluza-Klein modes and show that they are small in the parameter range of interest. Another feature of the model is that the absence of global parity anomaly implies the existence of at least one light sterile neutrino with sterile and active neutrino mixing in the range suggested by the LSND and MiniBooNE observations.
The seesaw mechanism provides a simple explanation for the lightness of the known neutrinos. Under the standard assumption of a weak scale Dirac mass and a heavy sterile Majorana scale the neutrino mass is naturally suppressed below the weak scale. However, Nature may employ Dirac and Majorana scales that are much less than typically assumed, possibly even far below the weak scale. In this case the seesaw mechanism alone would not completely explain the lightness of the neutrinos. In this work we consider a warped framework that realizes this possibility by combining naturally suppressed Dirac…
Warped extra dimensions can address both the Planck-weak and flavor hierarchies of the Standard Model (SM). In this paper we discuss the SM neutrino mass generation in a scenario in which a SM singlet bulk fermion - coupled to the Higgs and the lepton doublet near the IR brane - is given a Majorana mass of order the Planck scale on the UV brane. Despite the resemblance to a type I seesaw mechanism, a careful investigation based on the mass basis for the singlet 4D modes reveals a very different picture. Namely, the SM neutrino masses are generated dominantly by the exchange of the TeV-scale ma…
After developing a general criterion for deciding which neutrino mass models belong to the category of inverse seesaw models, we apply it to obtain the Dirac analogue of the canonical Majorana inverse seesaw model. We then generalize the inverse seesaw model and obtain a class of inverse seesaw mechanisms both for Majorana and Dirac neutrinos. We further show that many of the models have double or multiple suppressions coming from tiny symmetry breaking "$μ$-terms". These models can be tested both in colliders and with the observation of lepton flavour violating processes.
We reformulate the canonical seesaw mechanism in the case that the electroweak gauge symmetry is unbroken, and show that it can "formally" work and allow us to derive an exact seesaw formula for the light and heavy Majorana neutrinos. We elucidate the reason why there is a mismatch between the mass eigenstates of heavy Majorana neutrinos associated with thermal leptogenesis and those associated with the seesaw framework, and establish the exact and explicit relations between the "original" and "derivational" seesaw parameters by using an Euler-like parametrization of the $6\times 6$ active-ste…
Two important features of TeV-scale radiative seesaw models, in which tiny neutrino masses are generated at the quantum level, are an extended scalar (Higgs) sector and the Majorana nature. We study phenomenological aspects of these models at the ILC. It is found that the Majorana nature of the models can be tested directly via the electron-positron and electron-electron collision experiments.
A collider probe of the radiative seesaw models are considered. Two key ingredients of these models, the extended Higgs sector and the source of the Majorana mass, although these details differ model by model, would be studied at the TeV-scale electron-positron and electron-electron colliders. The searches and mass determinations in the inert doublet model, which is the extended Higgs sector of the Ma model, are summarized as an example.
A general feature of TeV-scale radiative seesaw models, in which tiny neutrino masses are generated via loop corrections, is an extended scalar (Higgs) sector. Another feature is the Majorana nature; e.g., introducing right-handed neutrinos with TeV-scale Majorana masses under the discrete symmetry, or otherwise introducing some lepton number violating interactions in the scalar sector. We study phenomenological aspects of these models at collider experiments. We find that, while properties of the extended Higgs sector of these models can be explored to some extent, the Majorana nature of the …
We examine the renormalization group evolution (RGE) for different mixing scenarios in the presence of seesaw threshold effects from high energy scale (GUT) to the low electroweak (EW) scale in the Standard Model (SM) and Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We consider four mixing scenarios namely Tri-Bimaximal Mixing, Bimaximal Mixing, Hexagonal Mixing and Golden Ratio Mixing which come from different flavor symmetries at the GUT scale. We find that the Majorana phases play an important role in the RGE running of these mixing patterns along with the seesaw threshold corrections. We …
Neutrino mass matrix via a seesaw mechanism is constructed by assuming that the underlying symmetry of both heavy Majorana and Dirac mass matrices is the discrete subgroup $Δ(27)$ symmetry of SU(3). Using the experimental data of neutrino oscillation, the neutrino mass matrix exhibits maximal $ν_μ-ν_τ$ mixing and has a specific prediction on the effective neutrino mass in neutrinoless double beta decay which can be tested in future experiment.
The left-right symmetric model with doublet and bi-doublet Higgs scalars can accommodate linear, inverse or double seesaw for generating small neutrino masses in the presence of three singlet fermions. If the singlet fermions have small Majorana masses, they can form three pairs of quasi-degenerate Majorana fermions with three right-handed neutrinos. The decays of the quasi-degenerate Majorana fermions can realize the resonant leptogenesis. Alternatively, the right-handed neutrinos can obtain seesaw suppressed Majorana masses if the singlet fermions are very heavy. In this case leptogenesis, w…
We propose a type of hybrid Seesaw model that combines Type-1 and Type-2 Seesaw mechanism in multiplicative way to generate tree level Majorana neutrino mass and provides a Dark Matter candidate. The model extends the Standard Model by extra gauge symmetry $U(1)_{D}$ and hidden sector consisted of chiral fermions and additional scalar fields. After spontaneous symmetry breaking, light neutrino masses are generated not only by exchange of the new heavy fermions as Type-1 Seesaw, but also by coupling to the naturally small induced vacuum expectation value of new heavy scalar as Type-2 Seesaw. An…
We propose a $U(1)_L$ model with $A_4$ symmetry in light of the linear seesaw for majorana neutrino that capable of generating the current lepton and quark mass and mixing patterns. The smallness of Majorana neutrino mass is reproduced through the linear seesaw mechanism. The model can accommodate the current observed patterns of lepton and quark mixing in which the solar neutrino mixing angle and the Dirac CP violating phase are in $2σ$ range for both NO and IO, the Majorana violating phases are predicted to be $η_{1} \in (2.29, 10.31)^\circ$ and $η_{2} \in (57.30, 302.70)^\circ $ for NO whil…
In the inverse seesaw scenario, several fermion singlets have a small Majorana mass term. We show such Majorana masses can be suppressed by some heavy fermion and/or Higgs singlets after a global symmetry is spontaneously broken. These interactions can also accommodate a leptogenesis mechanism to explain the cosmic baryon asymmetry.
We study a three loop induced neutrino mass model with exotic vector-like isospin doublet leptons which contain a dark matter candidate. Then we explore lepton flavor violations, and dark matter physics in co-annihilation system. In this paper the nearly degenerate Majorana fermion dark matter can naturally be achieved at the two loop level, while the mass splitting can be larger than ${\cal O}$(200) keV which is required from the constraint of the direct detection search with spin independent inelastic scattering through $Z$ boson portal. As a result a monochromatic photon excess, its thresho…
A simple extension of the Standard Model providing TeV scale seesaw mechanism is presented. Beside the Standard Model particles and right-handed Majorana neutrinos, the model contains a singly charged scalar, an extra Higgs doublet and three vector like singly charged fermions. In our model, Dirac neutrino mass matrix raises only at the loop level. Small but non-zero Majorana neutrino masses come from integrating out heavy Majorana neutrinos, which can be at the TeV scale. The phenomenologies of the model are investigated, including scalar mass spectrum, neutrino masses and mixings, lepton fla…
We study a minimal extension of the Standard Model by introducing three right-handed neutrinos and a new scotogenic scalar doublet, in which the mass splittings between neutral and charged components are responsible for the $W$-boson mass newly measured by the CDF collaboration. This model can not only generate non-vanishing Majorana neutrino masses via the interaction of right-handed neutrinos and scotogenic scalars, but also explain the Universe's missing matter in the form of FIMP dark matter. We also study the influence of the mass splitting on the first order electroweak phase transition,…
In the conventional type-(I+II) seesaw model, the effective mass matrix of three known light neutrinos is given by M_nu = M_L - M_D M^{-1}_R M^T_D in the leading-order approximation. We propose an intriguing scenario, in which the structural cancellation condition M_D M^{-1}_R M^T_D = 0 is guaranteed by the A_4 x Z_2 flavor symmetry. As a consequence, neutrino masses are mainly generated by the Higgs triplet M_nu = M_L, while the neutrino mixing matrix is non-unitary and takes on the nearly tri-bimaximal pattern. A discriminating feature of this scenario from the pure type-II seesaw model is t…
We present predictions for CP violating phases of the Type-I seesaw model with four-zero textures on the Dirac mass matrix. For the four-zero textures, the effective low energy Majorana mass matrix is parametrized with seven parameters. They are three mass-dimensional parameters, two angles and two CP violating sources. The number of these parameters is less than that of the general description of the Majorana mass matrix with three neutrino masses, three mixing angles and three CP violating phases. In particular, only two independent CP violating sources give rise to three CP violating phases…
In this paper we present a scenario where the stability of dark matter and the phenomenology of neutrinos are related by the spontaneous breaking of a non-Abelian flavor symmetry. In this scenario the breaking is done at the seesaw scale, in such a way that what remains of the flavor symmetry is a Z2 symmetry, which stabilizes the dark matter. We have proposed two models based on this idea, for which we have calculated their neutrino mass matrices achieving two-zero texture in both cases. Accordingly, we have updated this two-zero texture phenomenology finding an interesting correlation betwee…
In this thesis, we have studied the possibility to identify one of the right-handed neutrinos entering the type-I seesaw mechanism as a Dark Matter (DM) candidate, within the warped extra-dimensions paradigm. As a first step, we have reviewed the existing literature on the Randall-Sundrum scenarios and the Goldberger-Wise stabilization mechanism. We have discussed a feasible realization of the type-I seesaw mechanism, implemented by warped compactification of an extra dimension. Taking advantage of recent studies, we have explored how the thermal DM can be included in the warped scenario. We h…
We study a minimal one-loop radiative mechanism for generating small Majorana neutrino masses in inverse seesaw extensions of the Standard Model with two singlet fermions per family. The new feature of this radiative mechanism is that the one-loop induced left-handed neutrino mass matrix is directly proportional to the Majorana mass matrix of the right-handed neutrinos. This is a very economical scenario without necessitating the existence of non-standard scalar or gauge fields.
Recently, it was shown in arXiv:1512.06742 that a straightforward implementation of the type I seesaw mechanism in a warped extra dimensional framework is in reality a {\em natural} realization of "inverse" seesaw, i.e., the Standard Model (SM) neutrino mass is dominantly generated by exchange of pseudo-Dirac {\em TeV}-mass SM singlet neutrinos. By the AdS/CFT correspondence, this scenario is {\em dual} to these singlet particles being composites of some new strong dynamics, along with the SM Higgs boson, with the rest of the SM particles being mostly elementary. We study signals from producti…
We discuss the possibility of observing multi-lepton signals at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) from the production and decay of heavy Standard Model (SM) singlet neutrinos added in extensions of SM to explain the observed light neutrino masses by seesaw mechanism. In particular, we analyze two `smoking gun' signals depending on the Dirac or Majorana nature of the heavy neutrino: (i) for Majorana case, the same-sign di-lepton signal which can be used as a probe of lepton-number violation, and (ii) for Dirac case, the tri-lepton signal which conserves lepton number but may violate lepton flavor…
A natural seesaw mechanism for obtaining the observed size of SM neutrino masses can arise in a warped extra dimensional/composite Higgs framework. In a previous paper, we initiated the study of signals at the LHC for the associated $\sim$ TeV mass SM singlet neutrinos, within a canonical model of $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{ B - L }$ (LR) symmetry in the composite sector, as motivated by consistency with the EW precision tests. Here, we investigate LHC signals in a different region of parameter space for the same model, where production of singlet neutrinos can occur from particles b…
We present a minimal inverse seesaw mechanism by resorting to a $U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge symmetry. In order to cancel the gauge anomalies, we introduce seven neutral fermions among which four participate in the inverse seesaw to induce two nonzero neutrino mass eigenvalues, two forms a stable Dirac fermion to become a dark matter, while the last one keeps massless but decouples early. In this inverse seesaw, two neutral fermions are the usual right-handed neutrinos while the other two have a small Majorana mass term. An additional seesaw mechanism for generating these small Majorana masses also expl…
We present general conditions on Dirac and Majorana mass terms under which a type-I seesaw mechanism can lead to three exactly massless neutrinos at the tree level. We depict several examples where the conditions are satisfied and relate some of them to an underlying U(1) symmetry. We show that higher order corrections may generate the small observed masses and this may be achieved even when the heavy Majorana neutrinos are at the electroweak scale or a little higher.
In a bid to simultaneous explanation of dark matter (DM) and tiny but non-zero masses of left-handed neutrinos, we propose a minimal extension of the Standard Model (SM) by a vector-like fermion doublet and three right handed (RH) singlet neutrinos. The DM arises as a mixture of the neutral component of the fermion doublet and one of the RH neutrinos, both assumed to be odd under an additional $\mathcal{Z}_2$ symmetry. As a result, the DM emerges to be a dominantly Majorana particle and escapes from $Z$-mediated direct search constraints to mark a significant difference from singlet-doublet Di…
The idea that the Majorana neutrino should be identified as a Bogoliubov quasiparticle is applied to the seesaw mechanism for the three generations of neutrinos in the Standard Model. A relativistic analogue of the Bogoliubov transformation in the present context is a CP-preserving canonical transformation but modifies charge conjugation properties in such a way that the C-noninvariant fermion number violating term (condensate) is converted to a Dirac mass term. Puzzling aspects associated with the charge conjugation of chiral Weyl fermions are clarified. By invoking the Coleman--Weinberg mech…
A five-dimensional seesaw framework is analyzed with the lepton-number-violating propagator of bulk right-handed neutrinos. That can bypass summing up the effects of heavy Majorana particles whose masses and wavefunctions are not exactly known. The propagator method makes it easier to evaluate the seesaw-induced neutrino mass for various boundary conditions of bulk neutrinos and in a general background geometry, including the warped extra dimension. It is also found that the higher-dimensional seesaw gives a natural framework for the inverse seesaw suppression of low-energy neutrino masses.
In the canonical seesaw mechanism we require the relevant neutrino mass terms to be invariant under the $S^{}_3$ charge-conjugation transformations of left- and right-handed neutrino fields. Then both the Dirac mass matrix $M^{}_{\rm D}$ and the right-handed neutrino mass matrix $M^{}_{\rm R}$ are well constrained, so is the effective light Majorana neutrino mass matrix $M^{}_ν$ via the seesaw formula. We find that these mass matrices can be classified into 22 categories, among which some textures respect the well-known $μ$-$τ$ permutation or reflection symmetry and flavor democracy. It is als…
Low-Scale See-Saw Mechanism and the Majorana Nature of Heavy Neutrinos
SISSA, International School for Advanced Studies（国际高等研究院）；Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Trieste（意大利国家核物理研究所的里雅斯特分部）；IFPU - Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe（宇宙基础物理研究所）；Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, University of Tokyo（东京大学 Kavli宇宙粒子与宇宙学研究所（WPI））；Institute of Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences（保加利亚科学院核研究与核能研究所）
In this paper we consider possible mechanisms to generate small Majorana neutrino masses for active neutrinos in the scenario of gauge-Higgs unification, a candidate for physics beyond the standard model. We stress that it is non-trivial to find a gauge-invariant operator, responsible for the Majorana masses, which is the counterpart of the well-known SU(2)$_L \times$ U(1)$_Y$ invariant higher-mass-dimensional ($d = 5$) operator. As the first possibility we discuss the seesaw mechanism by assigning leptonic fields to the adjoint representation of the gauge group, so that a $d = 5$ gauge-invari…
We review the computation of the one-loop radiative corrections from the neutrino/ sneutrino sector to the lightest Higgs boson mass, Mh, within the context of the so-called MSSM-seesaw scenario. This model introduces right handed neutrinos and their supersymmetric partners, the sneutrinos, including Majorana mass terms. We find negative and sizeable corrections to Mh, up to -5 GeV for a large Majorana scale, 10^{13}-10^{15} GeV, and for the lightest neutrino mass in a range 0.1-1 eV. The corrections to Mh are substantially larger than the anticipated ILC precision for large regions of the MSS…
In contrast to the original type I seesaw mechanism that requires right-handed Majorana neutrinos at energies much higher than the electroweak scale, the so-called low scale seesaw models allow lighter masses for the additional neutrinos. Here we propose an alternative low scale type I seesaw model, where neither linear nor inverse seesaw mechanisms take place, but the spontaneous breaking of a discrete symmetry at an energy scale much lower than the model cutoff is responsible for the smallness of the light active neutrino masses. In this scenario, the model is defined with minimal particle c…
In an attempt to find minimal scenarios we study the implications of Dirac and Majorana mass matrices with texture zeros within the type I seesaw mechanism. For the Dirac mass matrices we consider 5 zero textures which we show to be the most minimal form that can successfully account for low energy phenomenology if the Majorana mass matrices are chosen minimal as well. For those, we consider both diagonal and even more minimal non-diagonal forms. The latter can be motivated e.g. by simple U(1) flavour symmetries and have two degenerate eigenvalues. We classify the allowed textures and discuss …
The neutrino masses and flavor mixings, which are missing in the Standard Model (SM), can be naturally incorporated in the type-I seesaw extension of the SM with heavy Majorana neutrinos being singlet under the SM gauge group. If the heavy Majorana neutrinos are around the electroweak scale and their mixings with the SM neutrinos are sizable, they can be produced at high energy colliders, leaving characteristic signatures with lepton-number violations. Employing the general parametrization for the neutrino Dirac mass matrix in the minimal seesaw scenario, we perform a parameter scan and identi…
