arXiv 1106.16082011-06-08hep-lathep-phnucl-th

格点量子色动力学中重子谱的研究进展

Review of Baryon Spectroscopy in Lattice QCD

Huey-Wen Lin

备注：: 31 pages, 17 figures
发表信息：: CJP, 49 (2011) 827

摘要：

自从20世纪60年代早期发现“粒子动物园”以来，强子谱的复杂模式一直困扰着物理学家。今天，这些无数粒子的性质被理解为量子色动力学（QCD）的结果，并通过电弱相互作用进行了一些修改。尽管发现了这个基本理论，强子谱的描述长期以来一直由唯象模型主导，这是由于在强耦合区域中解决QCD的困难，其中非微扰效应是必不可少的。格点规范理论通过在离散时空中进行数值计算，使量子色动力学的许多低能性质的从头算研究成为可能。国际上正在进行重大努力，利用格点量子色动力学直接计算基态和激发态重子的性质。详细的强子谱的知识将提供洞察这些国家的特点超出了什么可以从模型中提取。本文主要介绍了$P_{11}(1440)$的晶格计算、人们所知甚少的超子谱以及核子、Delta和其他轻味重子的高激发态能量的最新进展。在重口味部分，我将集中讨论最近的重子质量的晶格QCD计算，特别是那些对尚未发现的重子，如$Ω_{cc}$、$Ξ^\prime_b$或三重重子的预测。

英文摘要：

The complex patterns of the hadronic spectrum have puzzled physicists since the early discovery of the "particle zoo" in the 1960s. Today, the properties of these myriad particles are understood to be the result of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with some modification by the electroweak interactions. Despite the discovery of this fundamental theory, the description of the hadronic spectrum has long been dominated by phenomenological models, due to the difficulties of addressing QCD in the strong-coupling regime, where nonperturbative effects are essential. By making numerical calculations in discretized spacetime, lattice gauge theory enables the ab initio study of many low-energy properties of QCD. Significant efforts are underway internationally to use lattice QCD to directly compute properties of ground and excited-state baryons. Detailed knowledge of the hadronic spectrum will provide insight into the character of these states beyond what can be extracted from models. In this review, I will focus on the latest progress in lattice calculations of the $P_{11}(1440)$, the poorly known hyperon spectrum and the energies of highly-excited states of the nucleon, Delta and other light-flavor baryons. In the heavy-flavor sector, I will concentrate on recent lattice-QCD calculations of baryon masses, particularly those that make predictions concerning yet-to-be-discovered baryons, such as $Ω_{cc}$, $Ξ^\prime_b$ or triply-heavy baryons.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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英文摘要：

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