代谢物跨物种分布的整体结构及其形成机制
Global architecture of metabolite distributions across species and its formation mechanisms
摘要：
生物体通过其代谢产生许多类型的代谢物。尤其是植物次生代谢产物类黄酮类化合物，更是一个有趣的例子。由于植物物种被认为具有特定的黄酮类化合物相对于不同的环境，阐明的设计原则的代谢产物分布在植物物种是重要的，了解代谢产物的多样性和植物进化。在之前的工作中，我们发现了代谢物分布中的异质连接，并提出了一个简单的模型来解释异质连接的可能起源。在本文中，我们显示了进一步的结构特性的代谢产物分布在家庭之间的启发与植物-动物互惠网络的类比：嵌套结构和模块化结构。一个早期的模型表示，这些结构属性在二分关系的基础上确定的元素和外部因素的特点。然而，我们发现，架构的代谢物分布描述简单的进化过程，没有基于特征的机制，通过比较我们的模型和早期的模型。我们的模型可以更好地预测嵌套结构和模块化结构，除了异构连接定性和定量。这一发现意味着这些结构特性的另一种可能的起源，并表明比预期的更简单的形成机制的代谢产物分布在植物物种。
英文摘要：
Living organisms produce metabolites of many types via their metabolisms. Especially, flavonoids, a kind of secondary metabolites, of plant species are interesting examples. Since plant species are believed to have specific flavonoids with respect to diverse environment, elucidation of design principles of metabolite distributions across plant species is important to understand metabolite diversity and plant evolution. In the previous work, we found heterogeneous connectivity in metabolite distributions, and proposed a simple model to explain a possible origin of heterogeneous connectivity. In this paper, we show further structural properties in the metabolite distribution among families inspired by analogy with plant-animal mutualistic networks: nested structure and modular structure. An earlier model represents that these structural properties in bipartite relationships are determined based on traits of elements and external factors. However, we find that the architecture of metabolite distributions is described by simple evolution processes without trait-based mechanisms by comparison between our model and the earlier model. Our model can better predict nested structure and modular structure in addition to heterogeneous connectivity both qualitatively and quantitatively. This finding implies an alternative possible origin of these structural properties, and suggests simpler formation mechanisms of metabolite distributions across plant species than expected.
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