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arXiv 1105.4040astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HEgr-qc
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脉动超流中子星的温度效应

Temperature effects in pulsating superfluid neutron stars

E. M. Kantor, M. E. Gusakov

摘要:

研究了有限恒星温度对超流中子星振荡的影响。这些影响的重要性说明了一个简单的例子,径向脉动的广义相对论恒星。两个主要的影响被考虑:(i)温度依赖性的夹带矩阵和(ii)的超流区域的大小随温度的变化。四个模型被认为是,其中包括一个或两个这两个影响。计算了这些模型的脉动谱,并导出了在接近中子超流性临界温度时本征频率的渐近线。它表明,模型,允许的温度效应(ii),但忽略的效果(i),产生不切实际的结果。正常和超流型脉动的本征函数进行了分析。结果表明,超流脉动模式实际上不会出现在中子星表面,因此,很难通过测量调制的电磁辐射从恒星观察。计算了剪切粘性和非平衡修正Urca过程引起的脉动阻尼的e折叠时间,得到了它们在中子临界温度附近的渐近线。结果表明,超流脉动模的阻尼比正常模快1- 3个数量级。

英文摘要:

We study the effects of finite stellar temperatures on the oscillations of superfluid neutron stars. The importance of these effects is illustrated with a simple example of a radially pulsating general relativistic star. Two main effects are taken into account: (i) temperature dependence of the entrainment matrix and (ii) the variation of the size of superfluid region with temperature. Four models are considered, which include either one or both of these two effects. Pulsation spectra are calculated for these models, and asymptotes for eigenfrequencies at temperatures close to critical temperature of neutron superfluidity, are derived. It is demonstrated that models that allow for the temperature effect (ii) but disregard the effect (i), yield unrealistic results. Eigenfunctions for the normal- and superfluid-type pulsations are analyzed. It is shown that superfluid pulsation modes practically do not appear at the neutron-star surface and, therefore, can hardly be observed by measuring the modulation of the electromagnetic radiation from the star. The e-folding times for damping of pulsations due to the shear viscosity and nonequilibrium modified Urca processes are calculated and their asymptotes at temperatures close to the neutron critical temperature, are obtained. It is demonstrated that superfluid pulsation modes are damped by 1--3 orders of magnitude faster than normal modes.

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