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arXiv 1105.2097math.CO
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单调路径和凸体的Erdos-Szekeres型定理

Erdos-Szekeres-type theorems for monotone paths and convex bodies

Jacob Fox, Janos Pach, Benny Sudakov, Andrew Suk

摘要:

对任意正整数序列j_1 < j_2 <. < j_n,k元组(j_i,j_{i + 1},.,j_{i + k-1}),i=1,2,.,n-k +1,被称为形成长度为n的单调路径。给定任何整数n \ge k \ge 2和q \ge 2,具有以下性质的最小整数N是多少:无论我们如何对[N]=\{1,2,.,N\},我们总能找到一条长度为n的单色单调路径。用N_k(q,n)表示这个最小值,从Erd \H os和Szekeres 1935年的开创性论文中可以得出N_2(q,n)=(n-1)^q+1和N_3(2,n)= {2n-4 \choose n-2} + 1。确定这些函数的其他值似乎是一项艰巨的任务。这里我们证明了2^{(n/q)^{q-1}} \leq N_3(q,n)\leq 2^{n^{q-1} \log n},对于q \geq 2和n \geq q+2.利用Erdos和Hajnal的逐步逼近方法,我们证明了N_k(q,n)在k较大时的类似上界,即n^{q-1}中高度为k-1的塔。作为一个几何应用,我们证明了幸福结局定理的以下扩展。任意一对至少M(n)=2^{n^2 \log n}的平面凸体在一般位置上至多有两个公共边界点的凸体族,在凸位置上有n个成员,也就是说,它有n个成员使得每个成员对它们的并集的凸包的边界贡献一个点.

英文摘要:

For any sequence of positive integers j_1 < j_2 < ... < j_n, the k-tuples (j_i,j_{i + 1},...,j_{i + k-1}), i=1, 2,..., n - k+1, are said to form a monotone path of length n. Given any integers n\ge k\ge 2 and q\ge 2, what is the smallest integer N with the property that no matter how we color all k-element subsets of [N]=\{1,2,..., N\} with q colors, we can always find a monochromatic monotone path of length n? Denoting this minimum by N_k(q,n), it follows from the seminal 1935 paper of Erd\H os and Szekeres that N_2(q,n)=(n-1)^q+1 and N_3(2,n) = {2n -4\choose n-2} + 1. Determining the other values of these functions appears to be a difficult task. Here we show that 2^{(n/q)^{q-1}} \leq N_3(q,n) \leq 2^{n^{q-1}\log n}, for q \geq 2 and n \geq q+2. Using a stepping-up approach that goes back to Erdos and Hajnal, we prove analogous bounds on N_k(q,n) for larger values of k, which are towers of height k-1 in n^{q-1}. As a geometric application, we prove the following extension of the Happy Ending Theorem. Every family of at least M(n)=2^{n^2 \log n} plane convex bodies in general position, any pair of which share at most two boundary points, has n members in convex position, that is, it has n members such that each of them contributes a point to the boundary of the convex hull of their union.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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