A Weak Galerkin Finite Element Method for Second-Order Elliptic Problems
Division of Mathematical Sciences, National Science Foundation（国家科学基金会数学科学部）；Department of Mathematics, University of Arkansas at Little Rock（阿肯色大学小石城分校数学系）
Junping Wang, Xiu Ye
备注：
17 pages, research results
发表信息：
Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 241 (2013), 103-115
In this paper, authors shall introduce a finite element method by using a weakly defined gradient operator over discontinuous functions with heterogeneous properties. The use of weak gradients and their approximations results in a new concept called {\em discrete weak gradients} which is expected to play important roles in numerical methods for partial differential equations. This article intends to provide a general framework for operating differential operators on functions with heterogeneous properties. As a demonstrative example, the discrete weak gradient operator is employed as a building block to approximate the solution of a model second order elliptic problem, in which the classical gradient operator is replaced by the discrete weak gradient. The resulting numerical approximation is called a weak Galerkin (WG) finite element solution. It can be seen that the weak Galerkin method allows the use of totally discontinuous functions in the finite element procedure. For the second order elliptic problem, an optimal order error estimate in both a discrete $H^1$ and $L^2$ norms are established for the corresponding weak Galerkin finite element solutions. A superconvergence is also observed for the weak Galerkin approximation.
A parallelizable iterative procedure based on domain decomposition is presented and analyzed for weak Galerkin finite element methods for second order elliptic equations. The convergence analysis is established for the decomposition of the domain into individual elements associated to the weak Galerkin methods or into larger subdomains. A series of numerical tests are illustrated to verify the theory developed in this paper.
In this paper, we design and analysis a modified weak Galerkin (MWG) finite element method for $\boldsymbol{H}(\mathrm{curl})-$elliptic problem. We first introduce a new discrete weak curl operator and the MWG finite element space. The modified weak Galerkin method does not require the penalty parameter by comparing with traditional DG methods. We prove optimal error estimates in energy norm. At last, we provide the numerical results to confirm these theoretical results.
In this paper we present new stability and optimal error analyses of hybridized discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) methods which do not require elliptic regularity assumptions. To obtain error estimates without elliptic regularity assumptions, we use new inf-sup conditions based on stabilized saddle point structures of HDG methods. We show that this approach can be applied to obtain optimal error estimates of HDG methods for the Poisson equations, the convection-reaction-diffusion equations, the Stokes equations, and the Oseen equations.
A discontinuous Galerkin (DG) scheme for solving semilinear elliptic problem is developed and analyzed in this paper. The DG finite element discretizations are established, and the corresponding existence and uniqueness theorem is proved by using Brouwer's fixed point method. Some optimal priori error estimates under both DG norm and $L^2$ norm are presented. Numerical results are also shown to confirm the efficiency of the proposed approach.
In this paper, we study the convergence of adaptive mixed interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method for H(curl)-elliptic problems. We first get the mixed model of H(curl)-elliptic problem by introducing a new intermediate variable. Then we discuss the continuous variational problem and discrete variational problem, which based on interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin approximation. Next, we construct the corresponding posteriori error indicator, and prove the contraction of the summation of the energy error and the scaled error indicator. At last, we confirm and illustrate the theoretic…
In this paper, we design the first residual type a posteriori error estimator for mixed interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method for the H(curl)-elliptic problems. Then we prove that our residual based a posteriori error indicator is both reliable and efficient. At last, we present some numerical experiments to validate the performance of the indicator within an adaptive mesh refinement procedure.
In this paper, we propose a Galerkin finite element method for the elliptic optimal control problem governed by the Riesz space-fractional PDEs on 2D domains with control variable being discretized by variational discretization technique. The optimality condition is derived and priori error estimates of control, costate and state variables are successfully established. Numerical test is carried out to illustrate the accuracy performance of this approach.
A new primal-dual weak Galerkin (PDWG) finite element method is introduced and analyzed for the ill-posed elliptic Cauchy problems with ultra-low regularity assumptions on the exact solution. The Euler-Lagrange formulation resulting from the PDWG scheme yields a system of equations involving both the primal equation and the adjoint (dual) equation. The optimal order error estimate for the primal variable in a low regularity assumption is established. A series of numerical experiments are illustrated to validate effectiveness of the developed theory.
Wavelet Galerkin method for fractional elliptic differential equations
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Gansu Key Laboratory of Applied Mathematics and Complex Systems, Lanzhou University（兰州大学数学与统计学院，甘肃省应用数学与复杂系统重点实验室）
In this paper, we present a unified analysis of the superconvergence property for a large class of mixed discontinuous Galerkin methods. This analysis applies to both the Poisson equation and linear elasticity problems with symmetric stress formulations. Based on this result, some locally postprocess schemes are employed to improve the accuracy of displacement by order min(k+1, 2) if polynomials of degree k are employed for displacement. Some numerical experiments are carried out to validate the theoretical results.
A balancing domain decomposition by constraints preconditioner for a hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin discretization of an elliptic optimal control problem
In this paper, we study the stabilizer-free weak Galerkin methods on polytopal meshes for a class of second order elliptic boundary value problems of divergence form and with gradient nonlinearity in the principal coefficient. With certain assumptions on the nonlinear coefficient, we show that the discrete problem has a unique solution. This is achieved by showing that the associated operator satisfies certain continuity and monotonicity properties. With the help of these properties, we derive optimal error estimates in the energy norm. We present several numerical examples to verify the error…
We propose a discontinuous Galerkin(DG) method to approximate the elliptic interface problem on unfitted mesh using a new approximation space. The approximation space is constructed by patch reconstruction with one degree of freedom per element. The optimal error estimates in both L2 norm and DG energy norm are obtained, without the typical constraints for DG method on how the interface intersects to the elements in the mesh. Other than enjoying the advantages of DG method, our method may achieve even better efficiency than the conforming finite element method, as illustrated by numerical exam…
In this article, a weak Galerkin method is firstly presented and analyzed for the quasi-linear elliptic problem of non-monotone type. By using Brouwer's fixed point technique, the existence of WG solution and error estimates in both the energy-like norm and the $L^2$ norm are derived. Then an efficient two-grid WG method is introduced to improve the computational efficiency. The convergence error of the two-grid WG method is analyzed in the energy-like norm. Numerical experiments are presented to verify our theoretical findings.
Element Method. The Finite Volume Method guarantees local and global mass conservation. A property not satisfied by the Finite Volume Method. On the down side, the Finite Volume Method requires non trivial modifications to attain high order approximations unlike the Finite Volume Method. It has been contended that the Discontinuous Galerkin Method, locally conservative and high order, is a natural progression for Coastal Ocean Modeling. Consequently, as a primer we consider the vertical ocean-slice model with the inclusion of density effects. To solve these non steady Partial Differential Equa…
This article introduces a new primal-dual weak Galerkin (PDWG) finite element method for second order elliptic interface problems with ultra-low regularity assumptions on the exact solution and the interface and boundary data. It is proved that the PDWG method is stable and accurate with optimal order of error estimates in discrete and Sobolev norms. In particular, the error estimates are derived under the low regularity assumption of $u\in H^δ(Ω)$ for $δ> \frac12$ for the exact solution $u$. Extensive numerical experiments are conducted to provide numerical solutions that verify the efficienc…
We consider a linear elliptic partial differential equation (PDE) with a generic uniformly bounded parametric coefficient. The solution to this PDE problem is approximated in the framework of stochastic Galerkin finite element methods. We perform a posteriori error analysis of Galerkin approximations and derive a reliable and efficient estimate for the energy error in these approximations. Practical versions of this error estimate are discussed and tested numerically for a model problem with non-affine parametric representation of the coefficient. Furthermore, we use the error reduction indica…
A general analysis framework is presented in this paper for many different types of finite element methods (including various discontinuous Galerkin methods). For second order elliptic equation, this framework employs $4$ different discretization variables, $u_h, \bm{p}_h, \check u_h$ and $\check p_h$, where $u_h$ and $\bm{p}_h$ are for approximation of $u$ and $\bm{p}=-α\nabla u$ inside each element, and $ \check u_h$ and $\check p_h$ are for approximation of residual of $u$ and $\bm{p} \cdot \bm{n}$ on the boundary of each element. The resulting 4-field discretization is proved to satisfy in…
We present a posteriori error analysis in the supremum norm for the symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method for the elliptic obstacle problem. We construct discrete barrier functions based on appropriate corrections of the conforming part of the solution that is obtained via a constrained averaging operator. The corrector function accounts properly for the non-conformity of the approximation and it is estimated by direct use of the Green's function of the unconstrained elliptic problem. The use of the continuous maximum principle guarantees the validity of the analysis without…
In this paper we present an immersed weak Galerkin method for solving second-order elliptic interface problems on polygonal meshes, where the meshes do not need to be aligned with the interface. The discrete space consists of constants on each edge and broken linear polynomials satisfying the interface conditions in each element. For triangular meshes, such broken linear plynomials coincide with the basis functions in immersed finite element methods [26]. We establish some approximation properties of the broken linear polynomials and the discrete weak gradient of a certain projection of the so…
The analyses of interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods of any order k for solving elliptic and parabolic problems with Dirac line sources are presented. For the steady state case, we prove convergence of the method by deriving a priori error estimates in the L2 norm and in weighted energy norms. In addition, we prove almost optimal local error estimates in the energy norm for any approximation order. Further, almost optimal local error estimates in the L2 norm are obtained for the case of piecewise linear approximations whereas suboptimal error bounds in the L2 norm are shown for any …
In this paper, we present and study $C^1$ Petrov-Galerkin and Gauss collocation methods with arbitrary polynomial degree $k$ ($\ge 3$) for one-dimensional elliptic equations. We prove that, the solution and its derivative approximations converge with rate $2k-2$ at all grid points; and the solution approximation is superconvergent at all interior roots of a special Jacobi polynomial of degree $k+1$ in each element, the first-order derivative approximation is superconvergent at all interior $k-2$ Lobatto points, and the second-order derivative approximation is superconvergent at $k-1$ Gauss poi…
A Weak Galerkin Mixed Finite Element Method for Second-Order Elliptic Problems
Division of Mathematical Sciences, National Science Foundation（国家科学基金会数学科学部）；Department of Mathematics, University of Arkansas at Little Rock（阿肯色大学小石城分校数学系）
We propose a least squares Galerkin based gradient recovery to approximate Dirichlet problems for strong solutions of linear elliptic problems in nondivergence form and corresponding apriori and aposteriori error bounds. This approach is used to tackle fully nonlinear elliptic problems, e.g., Monge-Ampère, Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman, using the smooth (vanilla) and the semismooth Newton linearization. We discuss numerical results, including adaptive methods based on the aposteriori error indicators.
