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arXiv 1104.1302cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.mes-hall
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原子级缺陷和掺杂对石墨烯电子结构的影响

The effect of atomic-scale defects and dopants on graphene electronic structure

Rocco Martinazzo, Simone Casolo, Gian Franco Tantardini

摘要:

单原子厚的石墨烯对吸附的原子和分子的存在极其敏感,并且更一般地,对诸如空位、空穴和/或取代掺杂剂的缺陷极其敏感。这种性质除了可直接用于分子传感器设备之外,还可以用于调节石墨烯的电子性质。在这里,我们简要回顾了原子尺度缺陷的基本特征,这些缺陷对材料设计很有用。在简单介绍了孤立的$p_z$缺陷后,我们分析了多个缺陷石墨烯衬底的电子结构,并展示了如何预测微观有序磁结构的存在。随后,我们分析了更复杂的情况下,电子结构,修改的存在下,一些缺陷,影响化学反应的基板对吸附(化学吸附)的原子/分子物种,导致优先坚持特定的晶格位置。然后,我们考虑了反向问题,即如何利用缺陷来设计石墨烯的电子性质。在这种情况下,我们表明,安排缺陷,形成蜂窝状超晶格(我们可以称之为“supergraphenes”)的能带结构中打开一个相当大的差距和新的狄拉克锥创建的权利接近的间隙区域。类似地,我们发现,替代掺杂剂,如IIIA/VA族元素可能有间隙的准圆锥形结构对应于大量狄拉克载波。所有这些可能的结构都可能在石墨烯逻辑晶体管的开发中找到重要的技术应用。

英文摘要:

Graphene, being one-atom thick, is extremely sensitive to the presence of adsorbed atoms and molecules and, more generally, to defects such as vacancies, holes and/or substitutional dopants. This property, apart from being directly usable in molecular sensor devices, can also be employed to tune graphene electronic properties. Here we briefly review the basic features of atomic-scale defects that can be useful for material design. After a brief introduction on isolated $p_z$ defects, we analyse the electronic structure of multiple defective graphene substrates, and show how to predict the presence of microscopically ordered magnetic structures. Subsequently, we analyse the more complicated situation where the electronic structure, as modified by the presence of some defects, affects chemical reactivity of the substrate towards adsorption (chemisorption) of atomic/molecular species, leading to preferential sticking on specific lattice positions. Then, we consider the reverse problem, that is how to use defects to engineer graphene electronic properties. In this context, we show that arranging defects to form honeycomb-shaped superlattices (what we may call "supergraphenes") a sizeable gap opens in the band structure and new Dirac cones are created right close to the gapped region. Similarly, we show that substitutional dopants such as group IIIA/VA elements may have gapped quasi-conical structures corresponding to massive Dirac carriers. All these possible structures might find important technological applications in the development of graphene-based logic transistors.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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