arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1102.5433math.COcs.DS
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关于van der Waerden数w(2;3,t)

On the van der Waerden numbers w(2;3,t)

Tanbir Ahmed, Oliver Kullmann, Hunter Snevily

摘要:

给出了vanderWaerden数w(2;3,t)和新的回文vanderWaerden数pdw(2;3,t)的结果和图解.我们已经计算出新的数w(2; 3,19)= 349,并且我们提供了20 <= t <= 39的下界,其中对于t <= 30,我们推测这些下界是精确的。24 <= t <= 30的下界反驳了w(2;3,t)<= t^2的猜想,并提出了一个改进的猜想.我们还调查了好的分区(证书)中的错误,以更好地理解下界。受这些规则的启发,我们引入 * 回文范德瓦尔登数 * pdw(k; t_0,.,t_{k-1}),定义为普通范德瓦尔登数w(k; t_0,.,t_{k-1}),然而仅允许回文解(良好分区),其定义为从两端读取相同。与普通范德瓦尔登数的情况不同,这些“数”实际上需要是数对。我们计算pdw(2;3,t),其中3 <= t <= 27,并且我们提供下界,其中我们推测t <= 35是精确的。所有的计算都是基于SAT求解,并讨论了SAT求解与拉姆齐理论之间的各种关系。特别是我们介绍了一种新的(开源)SAT求解器,tawSolver,它在这里研究的SAT实例上表现最好,实际上是原始的DLL求解器,但具有高效的实现和现代启发式典型的前瞻求解器(应用第二作者的SAT手册文章中开发的理论)。

英文摘要:

We present results and conjectures on the van der Waerden numbers w(2;3,t) and on the new palindromic van der Waerden numbers pdw(2;3,t). We have computed the new number w(2;3,19) = 349, and we provide lower bounds for 20 <= t <= 39, where for t <= 30 we conjecture these lower bounds to be exact. The lower bounds for 24 <= t <= 30 refute the conjecture that w(2;3,t) <= t^2, and we present an improved conjecture. We also investigate regularities in the good partitions (certificates) to better understand the lower bounds. Motivated by such reglarities, we introduce *palindromic van der Waerden numbers* pdw(k; t_0,...,t_{k-1}), defined as ordinary van der Waerden numbers w(k; t_0,...,t_{k-1}), however only allowing palindromic solutions (good partitions), defined as reading the same from both ends. Different from the situation for ordinary van der Waerden numbers, these "numbers" need actually to be pairs of numbers. We compute pdw(2;3,t) for 3 <= t <= 27, and we provide lower bounds, which we conjecture to be exact, for t <= 35. All computations are based on SAT solving, and we discuss the various relations between SAT solving and Ramsey theory. Especially we introduce a novel (open-source) SAT solver, the tawSolver, which performs best on the SAT instances studied here, and which is actually the original DLL-solver, but with an efficient implementation and a modern heuristic typical for look-ahead solvers (applying the theory developed in the SAT handbook article of the second author).

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