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arXiv 1102.2903astro-ph.CO
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来自星系团流体动力学模拟的X射线质量代理(论文I)

X-ray mass proxies from hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy clusters (paper I)

D. Fabjan, S. Borgani, E. Rasia, A. Bonafede, K. Dolag, G. Murante, L. Tornatore

摘要:

本文详细研究了基于X射线观测量的团簇总质量与团簇内介质温度、气体质量以及两者的乘积Y_X之间的标度关系。我们的分析是基于两套高分辨率的流体动力学模拟与TreePM-SPH GADGET代码。第一组包括大约140个质量超过5x10^13 M_sun/h的星团(30个质量超过10^15 M_sun/h),这些星团已经用(i)非辐射物理学模拟,包括(ii)冷却,恒星形成,化学富集和超新星反馈触发星系喷出物的影响。这个大的统计量被用来量化的标度关系的鲁棒性,以确定其红移的演变和校准其内在的散射和它的分布。我们使用一组较小的集群,包括18个质量超过5x10^13 M_sun/h的晕,以测试质量代理对模拟中包括的物理过程(热传导,人工粘度,冷却和恒星形成,星系风和AGN反馈)的变化的鲁棒性。我们发现M-Y_X标度关系是对ICM物理变化最不敏感的标度关系,其斜率和红移演化与自相似模型的预测接近。最佳拟合关系周围的散布分布接近对数正态分布。M_gas在质量上具有最小的散射,其值为sigma_lnM = 0.04-0.06,这取决于模拟中包括的物理,并且对红移具有轻微的依赖性。M-T关系是具有最大分散的关系,其中sigma_lnM在z=0时> 0.1,在z=1时增加到> 0.15。M-Y_X关系中的内禀散射比M-M_气体关系中的内禀散射稍大。这些结果证实了Y_X和M_气体质量代用指标都适合于未来大X射线巡天的宇宙学应用。[删节]

英文摘要:

We present a detailed study of scaling relations between total cluster mass and three mass proxies based on X-ray observables: temperature of the intra-cluster medium, gas mass and the product of the two, Y_X. Our analysis is based on two sets of high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations performed with the TreePM-SPH GADGET code. The first set includes about 140 clusters with masses above 5x10^13 M_sun/h (30 having mass above 10^15 M_sun/h), that have been simulated with (i) non-radiative physics and including (ii) cooling, star formation, chemical enrichment and the effect of supernova feedback triggering galactic ejecta. This large statistics is used to quantify the robustness of the scaling relations, to determine their redshift evolution and to calibrate their intrinsic scatter and its distribution. We use a smaller set of clusters including 18 halos with masses above 5x10^13 M_sun/h to test the robustness of mass proxies against changing the physical processes included in simulations (thermal conduction, artificial viscosity, cooling and star formation, galactic winds and AGN feedback). We find the M-Y_X scaling relation to be the least sensitive one to variations of the ICM physics, with its slope and redshift evolution close to the self-similar model predictions. The distribution of the scatter around the best-fitting relations is close to a log-normal one. M_gas has the smallest scatter in mass, with values of sigma_lnM = 0.04-0.06, depending on the physics included in the simulation, and with a mild dependence on redshift. The M-T relation is the one with the largest scatter, with sigma_lnM > 0.1 at z=0, increasing to > 0.15 at z=1. The intrinsic scatter in the M-Y_X relation is slightly larger than in the M-M_gas relation. These results confirm that both Y_X and M_gas mass proxies are well suited for cosmological applications of future large X-ray surveys. [abridged]

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