The existence of stable ACM vector bundles of high rank on algebraic varieties is a challenging problem. In this paper, we study stable Ulrich bundles (that is, stable ACM bundles whose corresponding module has the maximum number of generators) on nonsingular cubic surfaces $X \subset \mathbb{P}^3.$ We give necessary and sufficient conditions on the first Chern class $D$ for the existence of stable Ulrich bundles on $X$ of rank $r$ and $c_1=D$. When such bundles exist, we prove that that the corresponding moduli space of stable bundles is smooth and irreducible of dimension $D^2-2r^2+1$ and consists entirely of stable Ulrich bundles (see Theorem 1.1). As a consequence, we are also able to prove the existence of stable Ulrich bundles of any rank on nonsingular cubic threefolds in $\mathbb{P}^4$.
I provide a construction of intrinsic weakly Ulrich bundles of large rank on any smooth complete surface in ${\bf P}^3$ over fields of characteristic $p>0$ and also for some classes of surfaces of general type in ${\bf P}^n$. I also construct intrinsic weakly Ulrich bundles on any Frobenius split variety of dimension at most three. The bundles constructed here are in fact ACM and weakly Ulrich bundles and so I call them almost Ulrich bundles. Frobenius split varieties in dimension three include as special cases: (1) smooth hypersurfaces in ${\bf P}^4$ of degree at most four, (2) Frobenius spli…
Let $S$ be a geometrically ruled surface with invariant $e$ on a curve $C$. We deal with Ulrich line bundles and $μ$-stable special Ulrich bundles of rank $2$ on $S$ when $e\ge0$, slightly extending a recent result due to M. Aprodu, L. Costa and R.M. Miró-Roig. If $C$ is elliptic, we also prove that $S$ always supports Ulrich bundles of rank at most $2$, without any restriction on $e$. Finally, we show that in many cases $S$ supports families of dimension $p$ of pairwise non-isomorphic, indecomposable, Ulrich bundles for arbitrary large $p$.
We study the resolution of an Ulrich bundle of arbitrary rank on the Segre fourfold $\PP^2\times\PP^2$. We characterize the Ulrich bundles $\Vv$ of arbitrary rank on $\PP^2\times\PP^2$ with $h^1(\Vv\otimesΩ\boxtimesΩ)=0$ or with $h^2(\Vv\otimesΩ(-1)\boxtimesΩ(-1))=0$ or obtained as pullback from $\PP^2$ and we construct more complicated examples.
Let $S$ be a surface with $p_g(S)=0$, $q(S)=1$ and endowed with a very ample line bundle $\mathcal O_S(h)$ such that $h^1\big(S,\mathcal O_S(h)\big)=0$. We show that such an $S$ supports families of dimension $p$ of pairwise non-isomorphic, indecomposable, Ulrich bundles for arbitrary large $p$. Moreover, we show that $S$ supports stable Ulrich bundles of rank $2$ if the genus of the general element in $\vert h\vert$ is at least $2$.
Let $S$ be a regular surface endowed with a very ample line bundle $\mathcal O_S(h_S)$. Taking inspiration from a very recent result by D. Faenzi on $K3$ surfaces, we prove that if $\mathcal O_S(h_S)$ satisfies a short list of technical conditions, then such a polarized surface supports special Ulrich bundles of rank $2$. As applications, we deal with general embeddings of regular surfaces, pluricanonically embedded regular surfaces and some properly elliptic surfaces of low degree in $\mathbb P^N$. Finally, we also discuss about the size of the families of Ulrich bundles on $S$ and we inspect…
Let $S$ be a surface with $p_g(S)=q(S)=0$ and endowed with a very ample line bundle $\mathcal O_S(h)$ such that $h^1\big(S,\mathcal O_S(h)\big)=0$. We show that $S$ supports special (often stable) Ulrich bundles of rank $2$, extending a recent result by A. Beauville. Moreover, we show that such an $S$ supports families of dimension $p$ of pairwise non-isomorphic, indecomposable, Ulrich bundles for arbitrary large $p$ except for very few cases. We also show that the same is true for linearly normal non-special surface in $\mathbb P^4$ of degree at least $4$, Enriques surface and anticanonical r…
We construct an Ulrich bundle on the blowup at a point when the original variety is embedded by a sufficiently positive linear system and carries an Ulrich bundle. In particular, we describe the relation between special Ulrich bundles on the blown-up surfaces and the original surfaces.
We prove that any surface with q=p_g=0 embedded by a sufficiently large linear system admits a rank 2 Ulrich bundle. In particular every Enriques surface admits a rank 2 Ulrich bundle.
We study Ulrich bundles and their moduli on unnodal Enriques surfaces. In particular, we prove that unnodal Enriques surfaces are of wild representation type by constructing moduli spaces of stable Ulrich bundles of arbitrary rank and arbitrarily large dimension.
After recalling the definition and basic properties of Ulrich bundles, we focus on the existence problem: does any smooth projective variety carry a Ulrich bundle? We show that the Serre construction provides a positive answer on certain surfaces and threefolds.
We prove that every Ulrich bundle on the Veronese surface has a resolution in terms of twists of the trivial bundle over $\mathbb{P}^{2}$. Using this classification, we prove existence results for stable Ulrich bundles over $\mathbb{P}^{k}$ with respect to an arbitrary polarization $dH$.
In this paper, we study equivariant vector bundles on partial flag varieties arising from Schur functors. We show that a partial flag variety with three or more steps does not admit an Ulrich bundle of this form with respect to the minimal ample class. We classify Ulrich bundles of this form on two-step flag varieties F(2,n;n+1), F(2,n;n+2), F(k,k+1;n), and F(k,k+2;n). We give a conjectural description of the two-step flag varieties which admit such Ulrich bundles. Our results provide counterexamples to conjectures by Costa and Miro-Roig.
In this paper, we study equivariant vector bundles on partial flag varieties arising from Schur functors. We show that a partial flag variety with three or more steps does not admit an Ulrich bundle of this form with respect to the minimal ample class. We classify Ulrich bundles of this form on two-step flag varieties F(1,n-1;n), F(2,n-1;n), F(2,n-2;n), F(k,k+1;n) and F(k,k+2;n). We give a conjectural description of the two-step flag varieties which admit such Ulrich bundles.
Ulrich bundles are the simplest sheaves from the viewpoint of cohomology tables. Eisenbud and Schreyer conjectured that every projective variety carries an Ulrich bundle, which means it has the same cone of cohomology table as the projective space of same dimension. In this paper we show the existence of stable rank 2 Ulrich bundle on rational surfaces with an anticanonical pencil, under a mild Brill-Noether assumption by using Lazarsfeld-Mukai bundles. Also we see that each of those surfaces carries its Chow form given by the Pfaffian of skew-symmetric morphism coming from an Ulrich bundle.
In this work we characterize Ulrich bundles of any rank on polarized rational ruled surfaces over $\mathbb{P}^1$. We show that every Ulrich bundle admits a resolution in terms of line bundles. Conversely, given an injective map between suitable totally decomposed vector bundles, we show that its cokernel is Ulrich if it satisfies a vanishing in cohomology. As a consequence we obtain, once we fix a polarization, the existence of Ulrich bundles for any admissible rank and first Chern class. Moreover we show the existence of stable Ulrich bundles for certain pairs $(\textrm{rk}(E),c_1(E))$ and wi…
We generalize the results by Eisenbud and Schreyer about Ulrich bundles over Veronese varieties to Segre-Veronese varieties. We discuss the range where we have natural cohomology and we construct multigraded resolutions and monads for Ulrich bundles of any rank. Moreover we give cohomological characterizations for significant families of bundles.
We prove the existence of Ulrich bundles on any Brauer--Severi variety. In some cases, the minimal possible rank of the obtained Ulrich bundles equals the period of the Brauer--Severi variety. Moreover, we find a formula for the rank of an Ulrich bundle involving the period of the considered Brauer--Severi variety $X$, at least if $\mathrm{dim}(X)=p-1$ for an odd prime $p$. This formula implies that the rank of any Ulrich bundle on such a Brauer--Severi variety $X$ must be a multiple of the period.
An Ulrich sheaf on an n-dimensional projective variety X, embedded in a projective space, is a normalized ACM sheaf which has the maximum possible number of global sections. Using a construction based on the representation theory of Roby-Clifford algebras, we prove that every normal ACM variety admits a reflexive sheaf whose restriction to a general 1-dimensional linear section is Ulrich; we call such sheaves delta-Ulrich. In the case n=2, where delta-Ulrich sheaves satisfy the property that their direct image under a general finite linear projection is a semistable instanton bundle, we show t…
We show that a smooth projective non-degenerate arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay subvariety X of P^N infinite Cohen-Macaulay type becomes of finite Cohen-Macaulay type by removing Ulrich bundles if and only if N = 5 and X is a quartic scroll or the Segre product of a line and a plane. In turn, we give a complete and explicit classification of ACM bundles over these varieties.
In this paper, we investigate the existence of Ulrich bundles on a smooth complete intersection of two $4$-dimensional quadrics in $\mathbb P^5$ by two completely different methods. First, we find good ACM curves and use Serre correspondence in order to construct Ulrich bundles, which is analogous to the construction on a cubic threefold by Casanellas-Hartshorne-Geiss-Schreyer. Next, we use Bondal-Orlov's semiorthogonal decomposition of the derived category of coherent sheaves to analyze Ulrich bundles. Using these methods, we prove that any smooth intersection of two 4-dimensional quadrics in…
In this note, we prove that there exist stable Ulrich bundles of every even rank on a smooth quartic surface $X \subset \mathbb{P}^3$ with Picard number 1.
In this article, we give numerical restrictions on the Chern classes of Ulrich bundles on higher-dimensional manifolds, which are inspired by the results of Casnati in the case of surfaces. As a by-product, we prove that the only projective manifolds whose tangent bundle is Ulrich are the twisted cubic and the Veronese surface. Moreover, we prove that the cotangent bundle is never Ulrich.
In this paper we construct Ulrich bundles of low rank on three-dimensional scrolls (with respect to the tautological line bundle). We pay special attention to the four types of threefold scrolls in $\mathbb{P}^5$ which were classified in [Ott92].
Let $E$ be a smooth elliptic curve over $\mathbb{C}$. For $E$ embedded into $\mathbb{P}^2$ as Hesse cubic and $V$ an Ulrich bundle on $E$ we derive a explicit presentation of $V$ using Moore matrices and theta functions.
We prove that a double cover of $\mathbb{P}^2$ ramified along a general smooth curve B of degree $2s$, for $s \geq 3$, supports a rank 2 special Ulrich bundle.
We prove that on $X_n$, the plane blown--up at $n$ general points, there are Ulrich line bundles with respect to a line bundle corresponding to curves of degree $m$ passing simply through the $n$ blown--up points, with $m\leq 2\sqrt{n}$ and such that the line bundle in question is very ample on $X_n$. We prove that the number of these Ulrich line bundles tends to infinity with $n$. We also prove the existence of slope--stable rank--$r$ Ulrich vector bundles on $X_n$, for $n\geq 2$ and any $r \geq 1$ and we compute the dimensions of their moduli spaces. These computations imply that $X_n$ is {U…
We classify the Ulrich vector bundles of arbitrary rank on smooth projective varieties of minimal degree. In the process, we prove the stability of the sheaves of relative differentials on rational scrolls.
We show the existence of rank 6 Ulrich bundles on a smooth cubic fourfold. First, we construct a simple sheaf E of rank 6 as an elementary modification of an ACM bundle of rank 6 on a smooth cubic fourfold. Such an E appears as an extension of two Lehn-Lehn-Sorger-van Straten sheaves. Then we prove that a general deformation of E(1) becomes Ulrich. In particular, this says that general cubic fourfolds have Ulrich complexity 6.
We give normal forms of determinantal representations of a smooth projective plane cubic in terms of Moore matrices. Building on this, we exhibit matrix factorizations for all indecomposable vector bundles of rank 2 and degree 0 without nonzero sections, also called Ulrich bundles, on such curves.
We assume that $\mathcal{E}$ is a rank $r$ Ulrich bundle for $(P^n, \mathcal{O}(d))$. The main result of this paper is that $\mathcal{E}(i)\otimes Ω^{j}(j)$ has natural cohomology for any integers $i \in \mathbb{Z}$ and $0 \leq j \leq n$, and every Ulrich bundle $\mathcal{E}$ has a resolution in terms of $n$ of the trivial bundle over $P^n$. As a corollary, we can give a necessary and sufficient condition for Ulrich bundles if $n \leq 3$, which can be used to find some new examples, i.e., rank $2$ bundles for $(P^3, \mathcal{O}(2))$ and rank $3$ bundles for $(P^2, \mathcal{O}(3))$.
The Minimal Resolution Conjecture (MRC) for points on a projective variety X predicts that the Betti numbers of general sets of points in X are as small as the geometry (Hilbert function) of X allows. To a large extent, we settle this conjecture for a curve C with general moduli. We show that, independently of the genus, MRC holds for a general linear system of degree d and dimension r on C if and only if d>2r-1. We then proceed to find a full solution to the Ideal Generation Conjecture for curves with general moduli. In a different direction, we prove that K3 surfaces admit Ulrich bundles of …
Let $F\subseteq\mathbb P ^{a+1}$ be a non-degenerate $K3$ surface of degree $2a$, where $a\ge2$. In this paper we deal with Ulrich bundles on $F$ of rank $2$. We deal with their stability and we construct $K3$ surfaces endowed with families of non-special Ulrich bundles of rank $2$ for each $a\ge2$.
We consider the following question: for which invariants $g$ and $e$ is there a geometrically ruled surface $S \rightarrow C$ over a curve $C$ of genus $g$ with invariant $e$ such that $S$ is the support of an Ulrich line bundle with respect to a very ample line bundle? A surprising relation between the existence of certain proper Theta divisors on some moduli spaces of vector bundles on $C$ with the existence of Ulrich line bundles on $S$ will be the key to completely solve the above question. The relation is realized by translating the vanishing conditions characterizing Ulrich line bundles …
Let $V$ be a $K$-vector space of dimension $n+1$. In this paper, we focus our attention into the existence of irreducible homogeneous Ulrich bundles on flag manifolds $\FF(p, q,n)$ which parameterizes all chains of linear subspaces $L_{p} \subset L_{q} \subset \PP(V)$ of dimension $p< q$, respectively. We determine all irreducible homogeneous Ulrich bundles on $\FF(0,n-1,n)$ and we prove that there are exactly $2^{n-1}$. Similarly, we prove that $\FF(0,n-2,n)$ and $\FF(1,n-1,n)$ are also the support of irreducible homogeneous Ulrich bundles. On the other hand, we prove that $\FF(0,1,n)$ do not…
Let $X \subset \mathbb P^3$ be a very general sextic surface over complex numbers. In this paper we study certain Brill-Noether problems for moduli of rank $2$ stable bundles on $X$ and its relation with rank $2$ weakly Ulrich and Ulrich bundles. In particular, we show the non-emptiness of certain Brill-Noether loci and using the geometry of the moduli and the notion of the Petri map on higher dimensional varieties, we prove the existence of components of expected dimension. We also give sufficient conditions for the existence of rank $2$ weakly Ulrich bundles $\mathcal E$ on $X$ with $c_1(\ma…
We prove that the only rational homogeneous varieties with Picard number 1 of the exceptional algebraic groups admitting irreducible equivariant Ulrich vector bundles are the Cayley plane $E_6/P_1$ and the $E_7$-adjoint variety $E_7/P_1$. From this result, we see that a general hyperplane section $F_4/P_4$ of the Cayley plane also has an equivariant but non-irreducible Ulrich bundle.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective algebraic surface of Picard rank one with very ample canonical bundle $K_X$. We further assume that $q -1 \le χ(\mathcal{O}_X$. In this article, we will study the existence of the Ulrich bundle and its stability property of it with respect to $K_X$.
We use certain special prehomogeneous representations of algebraic groups in order to construct aCM vector bundles, possibly Ulrich, on certain families of hypersurfaces. Among other results, we show that a general cubic hypersurface of dimension seven admitsan indecomposable Ulrich bundle of rank nine, and that a general cubic fourfold admits an unsplit aCM bundle of rank six.
