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arXiv 1101.5293astro-ph.SR
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不均匀热星风的质量损失II。光学/紫外线联合研究的限制

Mass loss from inhomogeneous hot star winds II. Constraints from a combined optical/UV study

J. O. Sundqvist, J. Puls, A. Feldmeier, S. P. Owocki

摘要:

目前用于热的大质量恒星的质量损失率最近受到了严重的质疑,主要是因为风聚集的影响。我们研究了聚集效应对诊断紫外共振谱线和光学复合谱线的影响。光学厚团块,一个非空的interclump介质,和一个非单调的速度场都占在一个单一的模型。我们使用了二维和三维随机和辐射流体动力学(RH)风模型,通过组装径向独立切片的一维快照。为了计算合成光谱,我们开发并使用了复合线(求解“形式积分”)和共振线(使用蒙特卡罗方法)的详细辐射转移代码。此外,我们提出了一种分析方法来模拟这些线cloudspeeds风,它不依赖于光学薄结块。结果如下:合成光谱计算直接从目前的RH风模型的线驱动的不稳定性是无法在平行复制战略光学和紫外线的银河系O-超巨星LCep。使用我们的随机风模型,我们获得一致的拟合基本上是通过增加内风的聚集。的质量损失率推导出,这是约2倍低于预测的线驱动风理论,但远高于相应的速率时,假设光学薄团块从光谱。我们的线形成的解析公式被用来证明在弱风星的光学厚聚集的潜在影响,并确认最近的结果,共振双峰可用作风结构和光学厚聚集的示踪剂。(节录)

英文摘要:

Mass-loss rates currently in use for hot, massive stars have recently been seriously questioned, mainly because of the effects of wind clumping. We investigate the impact of clumping on diagnostic ultraviolet resonance and optical recombination lines. Optically thick clumps, a non-void interclump medium, and a non-monotonic velocity field are all accounted for in a single model. We used 2D and 3D stochastic and radiation-hydrodynamic (RH) wind models, constructed by assembling 1D snapshots in radially independent slices. To compute synthetic spectra, we developed and used detailed radiative transfer codes for both recombination lines (solving the "formal integral") and resonance lines (using a Monte-Carlo approach). In addition, we propose an analytic method to model these lines in clumpy winds, which does not rely on optically thin clumping. Results: Synthetic spectra calculated directly from current RH wind models of the line-driven instability are unable to in parallel reproduce strategic optical and ultraviolet lines for the Galactic O-supergiant LCep. Using our stochastic wind models, we obtain consistent fits essentially by increasing the clumping in the inner wind. A mass-loss rate is derived that is approximately two times lower than predicted by the line-driven wind theory, but much higher than the corresponding rate derived from spectra when assuming optically thin clumps. Our analytic formulation for line formation is used to demonstrate the potential impact of optically thick clumping in weak-winded stars and to confirm recent results that resonance doublets may be used as tracers of wind structure and optically thick clumping. (Abridged)

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