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arXiv 1012.0949quant-ph
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利用腔QED进行原子的量子测量

Quantum measurements of atoms using cavity QED

Adetunmise C. Dada, Erika Andersson, Martin L. Jones, Vivien M. Kendon, Mark S. Everitt

备注：
10 pages, 5 figures
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. A 83, 042339 (2011)
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摘要：

广义量子测量是投影或冯诺依曼测量的重要扩展，因为它们可以用来描述可以在量子系统上实现的任何测量。本文描述了如何利用腔量子电动力学（QED）实现两种非标准量子测量。第一种测量最佳地且一致地区分两个非正交的量子态。第二个例子是展示超加性量子编码增益的测量。所用的实验工具是单原子么正操作的拉姆齐脉冲和两个原子的Tavis-Cummings相互作用的影响。我们展示了超加性量子编码增益如何受到原子场电离检测误差的影响，并且即使具有相当高的实验缺陷，仍然可以看到合理的超加性。迄今为止，这些类型的测量仅在光子上实现。使用其他物理系统来实现将是非常有趣的。这是出于根本原因，但也是因为量子编码增益通常随着码字长度而增加，并且使用原子的实现可以比使用光子的现有实现更容易缩放。

英文摘要：

Generalized quantum measurements are an important extension of projective or von Neumann measurements, in that they can be used to describe any measurement that can be implemented on a quantum system. We describe how to realize two non-standard quantum measurements using cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). The first measurement optimally and unabmiguously distinguishes between two non-orthogonal quantum states. The second example is a measurement that demonstrates superadditive quantum coding gain. The experimental tools used are single-atom unitary operations effected by Ramsey pulses and two-atom Tavis-Cummings interactions. We show how the superadditive quantum coding gain is affected by errors in the field-ionisation detection of atoms, and that even with rather high levels of experimental imperfections, a reasonable amount of superadditivity can still be seen. To date, these types of measurement have only been realized on photons. It would be of great interest to have realizations using other physical systems. This is for fundamental reasons, but also since quantum coding gain in general increases with code word length, and a realization using atoms could be more easily scaled than existing realizations using photons.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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