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arXiv 1008.4476cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.str-elphysics.comp-phquant-ph
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二氧化铀中缺陷团簇相互作用与氙稳定性的密度泛函计算

Interplay of defect cluster and the stability of xenon in uranium dioxide by density functional calculations

Hua Y. Geng, Ying Chen, Yasunori Kaneta, Motoyasu Kinoshita, Q. Wu

摘要:

在核燃料(如二氧化铀)中,自缺陷团簇可能影响裂变气体的热力学行为。采用第一性原理LSDA+U方法,以氙原子为原型,发现氧缺陷团簇对气体原子热力学的影响是显著的,使氙原子的溶解能增加了0.5eV,约为700 K时最低两态能量差的43%。计算还揭示了铀空位和三空位之间的热力学竞争,在高温下将氙纳入超化学计量制度。结果表明,在亚化学计量比条件下,中性三空位是稀氙气最有利的位置;而在超化学计量比条件下,即使考虑了低温下氧的自缺陷团簇,中性三空位也比铀空位更有利。这不仅证实了前人的研究,而且将结论推广到更现实的燃料工况。当气体原子在铀空位处由于强马德隆势而被电离成电荷态时,这一观察意味着可以控制温度来调节气体原子的优选位置,然后调节气泡生长速率。针对DFT+U计算中经常遇到的亚稳态问题,提出了一种解决方法,即准退火方法。

英文摘要:

Self-defect clusters in bulk matrix might affect the thermodynamic behavior of fission gases in nuclear fuel such as uranium dioxide. With first-principles LSDA+U calculations and taking xenon as a prototype, we find that the influence of oxygen defect clusters on the thermodynamics of gas atoms is prominent, which increases the solution energy of xenon by a magnitude of 0.5 eV, about 43% of the energy difference between the two lowest lying states at 700 K. Calculation also reveals a thermodynamic competition between the uranium vacancy and tri-vacancy sites to incorporate xenon in hyper-stoichiometric regime at high temperatures. The results show that in hypo-stoichiometric regime neutral tri-vacancy sites are the most favored position for diluted xenon gas, whereas in hyper-stoichiometric condition they prefer to uranium vacancies even after taking oxygen self-defect clusters into account at low temperatures, which not only confirms previous studies but also extends the conclusion to more realistic fuel operating conditions. The observation that gas atoms are ionized to a charge state of Xe+ when at a uranium vacancy site due to strong Madelung potential implies that one can control temperature to tune the preferred site of gas atoms and then the bubble growth rate. A solution to the notorious meta-stable states difficulty that frequently encountered in DFT+U applications, namely, the quasi-annealing procedure, is also discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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