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arXiv 1008.3280astro-ph.CO
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用EXIST探测早期宇宙

GRB Probes of the Early Universe with EXIST

Jonathan E. Grindlay

摘要:

随着雨燕探测器在z = 8.2处探测到GRB 090423,证实了伽马射线暴现在可以在比活动星系核(显着)更大的红移处被探测到,因此确实可以被用作早期宇宙的探测器。拟议中的高能X射线成像巡天望远镜(EXIST)任务旨在探测和迅速测量红移,以及红移z~18的伽马射线暴的软X射线(0.1 - 10 keV)和同步nUV-nIR(0.3 - 2.3微米)成像和光谱,这包括(甚至超过)目前对Pop III星的估计,预计这些星是大质量的,可能是伽马射线暴源。如果将雨燕的灵敏度换算为EXIST的10倍,可能会探测到超过100个z>= 8的伽玛暴,并将对第一批恒星和星系的形成和演化提供直接的约束。对于红移z>= 8的伽玛暴,莱曼破裂大于1.12微米,在激发后约3000秒内,AB星等分别大于24或20的余辉的分辨率R = 30或R = 3000的光谱将直接探测再电离时代、星系形成和宇宙星形成速率。拟议中的EXIST任务可以探测这些问题,以及许多其他问题,因为它具有无与伦比的灵敏度和空间-光谱-时间覆盖范围和分辨率。在这里,我们概述了GRB作为早期宇宙和极端物理探测器的关键科学目标,以及将其带入EXIST的任务计划和技术准备。

英文摘要:

With the Swift detection of GRB090423 at z = 8.2, it was confirmed that GRBs are now detectable at (significantly) larger redshifts than AGN, and so can indeed be used as probes of the Early Universe. The proposed Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey Telescope (EXIST) mission has been designed to detect and promptly measure redshifts and both soft X-ray (0.1 - 10 keV) and simultaneous nUV-nIR (0.3 - 2.3microns) imaging and spectra for GRBs out to redshifts z ~18, which encompasses (or even exceeds) current estimates for Pop III stars that are expected to be massive and possibly GRB sources. Scaling from Swift for the ~10X greater sensitivity of EXIST, more than 100 GRBs at z >=8 may be detected and would provide direct constraints on the formation and evolution of the first stars and galaxies. For GRBs at redshifts z >= 8, with Lyman breaks at greater than 1.12microns, spectra at resolution R = 30 or R = 3000 for afterglows with AB magnitudes brighter than 24 or 20 (respectively) within ~3000sec of trigger will directly probe the Epoch of Reionization, formation of galaxies, and cosmic star formation rate. The proposed EXIST mission can probe these questions, and many others, given its unparalleled combination of sensitivity and spatial-spectral-temporal coverage and resolution. Here we provide an overview of the key science objectives for GRBs as probes of the early Universe and of extreme physics, and the mission plan and technical readiness to bring this to EXIST.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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