Exploring the potentiality of standard sirens to probe cosmic opacity at high redshifts

Probing the cosmic opacity from Future Gravitational Wave Standard Sirens

In this work, using the Gaussian Process, we explore the potentiality of future gravitational wave (GW) measurement to probe cosmic opacity through comparing its opacity-free luminosity distance (LD) with the opacity-dependent one from type Ia supernovae (SNIa). GW data points are simulated from the third generation Einstein Telescope, and SNIa data are taken from the Joint Light Analysis (JLA) or Pantheon compilation. The advantages of using Gaussian Process are that one may match SNIa data with GW data at the same redshift and use all available data to probe cosmic opacity. We obtain that th…

Unbiased Cosmic Opacity Constraints from Standard Sirens and Candles

The observation of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) plays an essential role in probing the expansion history of the universe. But the possible presence of cosmic opacity can degrade the quality of SNe Ia. The gravitational-wave (GW) standard sirens, produced by the coalescence of double neutron stars and black hole--neutron star binaries, provide an independent way to measure the distances of GW sources, which are not affected by cosmic opacity. In this paper, we first propose that combining the GW observations of third-generation GW detectors with SN Ia data in similar redshift ranges offers a nov…

Gravitational Wave Opacity from Gauge Field Dark Energy

We show that astrophysical gravitational waves can undergo an anomalous modulation when propagating through cosmic gauge field dark energy. A sufficiently strong effect, dependent on the gauge field energy density, would appear as a redshift-dependent opacity, thereby impacting the use of gravitational wave standard sirens to constrain the expansion history of the Universe. We investigate a particular model of cosmic gauge field dark energy and show that at early times it behaves like dark radiation, whereas a novel interaction causes it to drive cosmic acceleration at late times. Joint constr…

基于引力波标准 sirens 的修正 $f(R,T)$ 理论研究

Modified $f(R,T)$ theory in light of gravitational wave standard sirens

本文研究了修正 $f(R,T)$ 引力理论的观测约束，利用现有天文数据及 LISA 预测的引力波标准 sirens 数据，发现模拟引力波数据对 $f(R,T)$ 模型宇宙学参数的约束有边际改进。

Machine Learning the Cosmic Curvature in a Model-independent Way

In this work, we achieve the determination of the cosmic curvature $Ω_K$ in a cosmological model-independent way, by using the Hubble parameter measurements $H(z)$ and type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). In our analysis, two nonlinear interpolating tools are used to reconstruct the Hubble parameter, one is the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method, and the other is the Gaussian process (GP) method. We find that $Ω_K$ based on the GP method can be greatly influenced by the prior of $H_0$, while the ANN method can overcome this. Therefore, the ANN method may have more advantages than GP in the measure…

Gravitational-wave constraints on the cosmic opacity at $z\sim 5$: forecast from space gravitational-wave antenna DECIGO

Since gravitational waves (GWs) propagate freely through a perfect fluid, coalescing compact binary systems as standard sirens allow to measure the luminosity distance directly and provide distance measurements unaffected by the cosmic opacity. DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (DECIGO) is a future Japanese space gravitational-wave antenna sensitive to frequency range between target frequencies of LISA and ground-based detectors. Combining the predicted future GW observations from DECIGO and three current popular astrophysical probes (HII regions, SNe Ia Pantheon sample,…