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arXiv 1007.0042astro-ph.GA
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与嵌入星团II相关的致密团的映射综述:团-团碰撞能诱导出星团吗?

A Mapping Survey of Dense Clumps Associated with Embedded Clusters II : Can Clump-Clump Collisions Induce Stellar Clusters?

Aya E. HIGUCHI, Yasutaka KURONO, Masao SAITO, Ryohei KAWABE

摘要:

本文报道了利用Nobeyama 45 m望远镜对嵌入星系团进行的H13 CO+(1-0)调查观测结果,这是对我们以前用稠密气体示踪剂进行的C18 O调查的后续研究。我们的目标是解决集群形成团块的演变。我们在C_(18)O中观测到了14个团簇,它们的距离为0.3-2.1kpc,在H_(13)CO ~+中的分辨率为27 ″。我们探测到了H13 CO+谱线发射中的13个团簇,并获得了这些团簇的物理参数,它们的半径为0.24- 0.75 pc,质量为100- 1400 Msun,速度宽度为1.5- 4.0 km ^-1(半高宽)。在20 K时,平均密度为3.9 × 10^4 cm ^-3,等效金斯长度为0.13 pc。根据H13 CO+团簇与团簇的相对位置,将H13 CO+团簇分为A、B、C三类。我们的分类代表了星团形成团块的演化趋势,因为致密的团块有望转化为恒星成分,或被恒星活动分散。我们发现了一个类似的,但更清晰的趋势比我们以前的结果派生的恒星形成效率增加从A型到C的H13 CO+数据,并为致密的气体区域内的团块跟踪H13 CO+的物理演化的团块集群系统是敏感的。此外,我们发现13个H13 CO+团簇中有4个团簇的中心部分具有明显的速度梯度,我们将其命名为DVSO(Distinct Velocity Structure Objects)。假设速度梯度代表团簇的刚性旋转,我们计算了H13 CO+团簇的维里参数,考虑到旋转的贡献,并发现DVSO倾向于引力未结合。为了解释DVSO的上述物理性质,我们提出了一个团簇碰撞模型作为触发团簇形成的可能机制。

英文摘要:

We report the H13CO+(1-0) survey observations toward embedded clusters obtained using the Nobeyama 45m telescope, which were performed to follow up our previous study in the C18O survey with a dense gas tracer. Our aim is to address the evolution of cluster-forming clumps. We observed the same 14 clusters in C18O, which are located at distances from 0.3-2.1kpc with 27" resolution in H13CO+. We detected the 13 clumps in H13CO+ line emission and obtained the physical parameters of the clumps with radii of 0.24-0.75pc, masses of 100-1400Msun, and velocity widths in FWHM of 1.5-4.0kms^-1. The mean density is 3.9x10^4cm^-3 and the equivalent Jeans length is 0.13pc at 20K. We classified the H13CO+ clumps into three types, Type A, B, and C according to the relative locations of the H13CO+ clumps and the clusters. Our classification represents an evolutionary trend of cluster-forming clumps because dense clumps are expected to be converted into stellar constituents, or dispersed by stellar activities. We found a similar but clearer trend than our previous results for derived star formation efficiencies to increase from Type A to C in the H13CO+ data, and for the dense gas regions within the clumps traced by H13CO+ to be sensitive to the physical evolution of clump-cluster systems. In addition, we found that four out of 13 H13CO+ clumps which we named DVSOs(Distinct Velocity Structure Objects) have distinct velocity gradients at the central parts of them. Assuming that the velocity gradients represent the rigid-like rotation of the clumps, we calculated the virial parameter of the H13CO+ clumps by taking into account the contribution of rotation, and found that the DVSOs tend to be gravitationally unbound. In order to explain the above physical properties for DVSOs, we propose a clump-clump collision model as a possible mechanism for triggering formation of clusters.

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