Open clusters (OCs) are infrequent survivors of embedded clusters gestated in molecular clouds. Up to now, little is known about the initial conditions for the formation of OCs. Here, we studied this issue using high-precision astrometric parameters provided by Gaia data release 3. The statistics show that the peculiar motion velocities of OCs vary little from infancy to old age, providing a remarkable opportunity to use OCs to trace their progenitors. Adopting a dynamical method, we derived the masses of the progenitor clumps where OCs were born, which have statistical characteristics comparable to previously known results for clumps observed in the Galaxy. Moreover, the masses of the progenitor clumps of OCs indicate they should be capable of gestating massive O-type stars. In fact, after inspecting the observed OCs and O-type stars, we found that there are many O-type stars in OCs. The destructive stellar feedback from O-type stars may disintegrate the vast majority of embedded clusters, and only those sufficiently dense ones can survive as OCs.
Insights into Galaxy Morphology and Star Formation: Unveiling Filamentary Structures around an Extreme Overdensity at $z \sim 1.5$ Traced by [OII] Emitters
The Dynamics of the Milky Way: Unveiling the 6D Skeleton of Star Formation in the 2040s
INAF-Oss. Astronomico di Palermo(意大利国家天体物理研究所巴勒莫天文台);INAF-Oss. Astronomico di Arcetri(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台);ESO-Garching, Germany(欧洲南方天文台加兴);Palermo University(巴勒莫大学);INAF-Oss. Astronomico di Capodimonte(意大利国家天体物理研究所卡波迪蒙特天文台)
Chronology of our Galaxy from Gaia colour-magnitude diagram fitting (ChronoGal) II. Unveiling the formation and evolution of the kinematically selected Thick and Thin Discs
Universidad de La Laguna(拉古纳大学);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利天体物理学研究所);University of Granada(格拉纳达大学);INAF – Astronomical Observatory of Abruzzo(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿布鲁佐天文台);INFN, Sezione di Pisa(意大利国家核物理研究所比萨分部);Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen(格罗宁根大学卡普坦天文研究所)
Orbital decomposition of the nuclear regions in the early-type galaxy FCC 47: Unveiling the nuclear cluster origin
Masaryk University(马萨里克大学);University of Vienna(维也纳大学);European Southern Observatory (ESO)(欧洲南方天文台);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利天体物理研究所);Universidad de La Laguna(拉帕鲁纳大学);SDB Science-driven Business Ltd.(SDB科学驱动商业有限公司);CSIRO Space & Astronomy(CSIRO空间与天文学部)
Unveiling Extragalactic Star Formation Using Radio Recombination Lines: An EVLA Pilot Study with NGC 253
射电复合线(RRL)是年轻恒星形成区电离气体的强大、无干扰的诊断。不幸的是,这些线在外部星系中很难检测到。本文介绍了一个近核星暴星系NGC253在33GHz处的RRL和射电连续辐射的EVLA观测结果。我们检测到以前未观察到的H58a和H59a RRL,并同时进行灵敏的连续测量。我们分别测量了H58 a和H59 a系的$44.3 \pm 0.7$ W m $^{-2}$和$39.9 \pm 0.8$ W m $^{-2}$的积分线通量。NGC 253中的热气体是运动学上复杂的,具有多个速度分量。我们将热气体的密度限制为$1.4 - 4 \times 10^4$ cm $^{-3}$,并估计了$1 \times 10^{53}$ s $^{-1}$的电离光子通量。我们使用RRL运动学和导出的电离光子通量表明,NGC 253的核区域是不受引力约束的,这与从X射线和H α测量推断的气体流出是一致的。H58a和H59a谱线的谱线轮廓、通量和运动学与不同频率的RRL一致,证实了以前更困难的高频观测的准确性。我们发现EVLA对于河外RRL观测的效率比VLA高一个数量级。这些观测结果证明了EVLA的能力和未来利用EVLA进行河外RRL研究的潜力。
The THESAN-ZOOM project: Burst, quench, repeat -- unveiling the evolution of high-redshift galaxies along the star-forming main sequence
Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge(卡弗里宇宙学研究所,剑桥大学);Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge(卡文迪许实验室,剑桥大学);Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas(德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校物理系);Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University(约克大学物理与天文系);Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam(波茨坦阿斯特拉诺伊克莱布尼茨研究所);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚大学物理与天文系);Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo(东京大学 Kavli 宇宙物理学与数学起源联合研究中心(WPI),UTIAS);Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe(宇宙基本物理研究所);Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学天文学研究所)
Unveiling the roles of thermal and nonthermal processes in the ISM & IGM structure formation and evolution of galaxies with SKAO
Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)(伊朗基础科学研究所);Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, CAS(中国科学院新疆天文台);National Radio Astronomy Observatory(美国国家射电天文台);Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy(荷兰射电天文研究所);University of Groningen(格罗宁根大学);SKA Observatory(平方公里阵列望远镜观测站);Chalmers University of Technology(查尔姆斯理工大学);University of Hamburg(汉堡大学);University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学)
SUNRISE-3D: Sharp UNveiling of AGN feedback Regulation and its Impact on Star-formation at the cosmic noon Epoch
INAF – Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica Milano(意大利国家天体物理研究所空间天体物理与宇宙学米兰研究所);INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma(意大利国家天体物理研究所罗马天文台);Department of Mathematics and Physics, Roma Tre University(罗马第三大学数学与物理系)
Unveiling the nature of 11 dusty star-forming galaxies at the peak of cosmic star formation history
我们对GOODS-S场中11个(亚)毫米选定的具有光谱确认红移($1.5< z_{\rm spec}<3$)的DSFG进行了全色研究,目的是限制它们的天体物理性质(例如,年龄,恒星质量,尘埃和气体含量),并描述它们在星系演化中的作用。GOODS-S的多波长覆盖范围,从X射线到无线电波段,使我们能够通过使用CIGALE以一种新的方法来模拟星系SED,该方法基于尘埃对恒星光衰减的物理建模。中等恒星质量($\simeq6.5\times10^{10}$ M $_\odot$)和SFR($\simeq241$ M $_\odot$ yr $^{-1}$)与$z\sim2$的星系主序星一致。这些星系正在经历一次强烈的尘埃爆发,恒星形成(中值L $_{\rm IR}\simeq2\times10^{12}$ L $_\odot$),中值年龄为$750$ Myr。星际尘埃(M $_{\rm dust}\simeq5\times10^8$ M $_\odot$)的中位含量很高,表明ISM的快速富集(以$\sim10^8$年为时间尺度)。我们从CO光谱和/或Rayleigh-Jeans尘埃连续体($10^{10}\lesssim$ M $_{\rm gas}/$ M $_\odot\lesssim10^{11}$)中推导出星系总气体和分子气体含量,在典型的时间尺度$τ_{\rm depl}\sim2…
Unveiling Long-Period Variables in M33's Central Region: Insights into Stellar Evolution and Star Formation via Near-Infrared Photometry
University of Zanjan(赞詹大学);Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)(伊朗基础科学研究院);Center for Research in Climate Change and Global Warming (CRCC), IASBS(赞詹伊斯兰阿扎德大学气候变化与全球变暖研究中心);HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences(匈牙利研究与创新网络天文学与地球科学研究中心)
Unveiling the physical properties and kinematics of molecular gas in the Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/9) through high resolution CO (J = 3-2) observations
Unveiling star formation at sub-solar metallicity with ALMA2040
INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切尔西天文台);Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG(格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学,法国国家科学研究中心,天体物理学与行星学研究所);University of Hertfordshire, Centre for Astrophysics Research(赫特福德大学天体物理学研究中心);Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学尼尔斯·玻尔研究所);Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS(波尔多大学天体物理学实验室,法国国家科学研究中心);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所与高等科学研究委员会天体生物学中心);Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (ICE-CSIC)(空间科学学院(西班牙高等科学研究委员会));Institute of Astrophysics, University of Cologne(科隆大学天体物理研究所);Max Planck Institute for Astronomy(马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所)
Unveiling the (in)consistencies among the galaxy stellar mass function, star formation histories, satellite abundances and intracluster light from a semi-empirical perspective