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arXiv 1005.2365astro-ph.SR
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揭开过渡前的债务结构

Unveiling the Structure of Pre-Transitional Disks

C. Espaillat, P. D'Alessio, J. Hernández, E. Nagel, K. L. Luhman, D. M. Watson, N. Calvet, J. Muzerolle, M. McClure

摘要:

在过去的几年里,已经发现了几个内部没有小尘埃颗粒的圆盘,这些圆盘被称为过渡圆盘。最近,斯皮策已经确定了一类新的“前过渡盘”与间隙;这些对象有一个光学厚的内盘与光学厚的外盘分开的光学薄盘间隙。近红外光谱首次证实了LkCa 15的过渡前盘中存在间隙,验证了该物体中的近红外过量发射是由于光学厚的内盘。在这里,我们调查的过渡和过渡前磁盘使用相同的面纱为基础的技术,以提取近红外过量发射以上的恒星光球的内部区域的性质之间的差异。我们发现,在金牛座的LkCa 15和UX Tau A的先前确定的前过渡盘,以及在蛇夫座的ROX 44的新确定的前过渡盘的近红外过量发射,可以适合与位于尘埃破坏半径的内部盘壁。我们还模拟了这些物体的宽带SED,考虑到内盘对外盘的阴影效应,考虑到恒星的有限大小。这三个前过渡盘的近红外过量连续谱,可以用光学厚的内盘来解释,与GM Aur的过渡盘的近红外过量连续谱显著不同,GM Aur的近红外过量连续谱可以通过亚微米尺寸的光学薄尘埃的发射来再现,DM Tau的近红外光谱与相对没有小尘埃的盘孔一致。前过渡盘的结构可能是年轻行星在这些盘中形成的标志,未来对前过渡盘的研究将提供限制,以帮助建立行星形成的理论模型。

英文摘要:

In the past few years, several disks with inner holes that are empty of small dust grains have been detected and are known as transitional disks. Recently, Spitzer has identified a new class of "pre-transitional disks" with gaps; these objects have an optically thick inner disk separated from an optically thick outer disk by an optically thin disk gap. A near-infrared spectrum provided the first confirmation of a gap in the pre-transitional disk of LkCa 15 by verifying that the near-infrared excess emission in this object was due to an optically thick inner disk. Here we investigate the difference between the nature of the inner regions of transitional and pre-transitional disks using the same veiling-based technique to extract the near-infrared excess emission above the stellar photosphere. We show that the near-infrared excess emission of the previously identified pre-transitional disks of LkCa 15 and UX Tau A in Taurus as well as the newly identified pre-transitional disk of ROX 44 in Ophiuchus can be fit with an inner disk wall located at the dust destruction radius. We also model the broad-band SEDs of these objects, taking into account the effect of shadowing by the inner disk on the outer disk, considering the finite size of the star. The near-infrared excess continua of these three pre-transitional disks, which can be explained by optically thick inner disks, are significantly different from that of the transitional disks of GM Aur, whose near-infrared excess continuum can be reproduced by emission from sub-micron-sized optically thin dust, and DM Tau, whose near-infrared spectrum is consistent with a disk hole that is relatively free of small dust. The structure of pre-transitional disks may be a sign of young planets forming in these disks and future studies of pre-transitional disks will provide constraints to aid in theoretical modeling of planet formation.

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