Interpretation of optical and IR light curves for transitional disk candidates in NGC 2264 using the extincted stellar radiation and the emission of optically thin dust inside the hole
Erick Nagel, Fernando Gutiérrez-Canales, Sebastián Morales-Gutiérrez, Alana P. Sousa
In the stellar forming region NGC 2264 there are objects catalogued as hosting a transitional disk according to spectrum modeling. Four members of this set have optical and infrared light curves coming from the CoRoT and Spitzer telescopes. In this work, we try to simultaneously explain the light curves using the extinction of the stellar radiation and the emission of the dust inside the hole of a transitional disk. For the object Mon-296, we were successful. However, for Mon-314, and Mon-433 our evidence suggests that they host a pre-transitional disk. For Mon-1308 a new spectrum fitting using the 3D radiative transfer code Hyperion allows us to conclude that this object hosts a full disk instead of a transitional disk. This is in accord to previous work on Mon-1308 and with the fact that we cannot find a fit for the light curves using only the contribution of the dust inside the hole of a transitional disk.
Using Non-Redundant Mask interferometry (NRM), we searched for binary companions to objects previously classified as Transitional Disks (TD). These objects are thought to be an evolutionary stage between an optically thick disk and optically thin disk. We investigate the presence of a stellar companion as a possible mechanism of material depletion in the inner region of these disks, which would rule out an ongoing planetary formation process in distances comparable to the binary separation. For our detection limits, we implement a new method of completeness correction using a combination of ra…
We present sensitive (rms-noises $\sim$ 4 -- 25 $μ$Jy) and high angular resolution ($\sim$1--2$"$) 8.9 GHz (3.3 cm) Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) radio continuum observations of 10 presumed transitional disks associated with young low-mass stars. We report the detection of radio continuum emission in 5 out of the 10 objects (RXJ1615, UX Tau A, LkCa15, RXJ1633, and SR24s). In the case of LkCa15, the centimeter emission is extended, and has a similar morphology to that of the transitional disk observed at mm wavelengths with an inner depression. For these five detections, we construct t…
Transitional disks and their origins: an infrared spectroscopic survey of Orion A
过渡盘是围绕年轻恒星的原行星盘，内部有洞或间隙，周围是光学厚的外部盘，通常是内部盘。在这里，我们提出了62个新的过渡盘在猎户座A恒星形成区的意见。这些都是使用\textit{Spitzer Space Telescope}的红外光谱仪确定的，并随后使用红外望远镜设施的SpeX确定恒星和吸积参数。我们结合这些新的观察与我们以前的结果过渡盘在金牛座，变色龙I，蛇夫座和英仙座，并与档案X射线观测。这产生了一个样本的105个过渡盘的“集群”年龄3百万年或更少，迄今为止最大的组装。我们使用这个样本来搜索盘中的径向结构和许多其他系统属性之间的趋势，以便对过渡盘的可能起源进行限制。我们看到了宿主恒星吸积速率和不同盘形态的清晰进展。我们确认，过渡盘与完整的中央结算有中值吸积率的数量级小于径向连续磁盘相同的人口。前过渡盘--那些有间隙的物体将内部和外部盘分开--具有介于两者之间的中等吸积率。我们的结果从搜索统计上显着的趋势，特别是有关$\dot{M}$，强烈支持，在这两种情况下的差距更有可能是由于木星行星或褐矮星轨道内的差距，而不是任何的光蒸发，湍流或晶粒生长过程，可以导致磁盘耗散的引力影响。我们还发现，II类YSO的过渡盘的分数是大的，0.1-0.2，特别是在最年轻的协会。
This work presents a study of two Herbig Ae transitional discs, Oph IRS 48 and HD 169142; which both have reported rings in their dust density distributions. We use Keck-II/NIRC2 adaptive optics imaging observations in the L' filter (3.8 micron) to probe the regions of these discs inwards of ~20AU from the star. We introduce our method for investigating these transitional discs, which takes a forward modelling approach: making a model of the disc (using the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code RADMC), convolving it with point-spread functions of calibrator stars, and comparing the convolved mod…
We present a detailed study of the disk around the intermediate mass star SO 411, aiming to explain the spectral energy distribution of this star. We show that this is a transitional disk truncated at $\sim$11 au, with $\sim$0.03 lunar masses of optically thin dust inside the cavity. Gas also flows through the cavity, since we find that the disk is still accreting mass onto the star, at a rate of $\sim 5x10^{-9}$ Msun/yr. Until now, SO 411 has been thought to belong to the $\sim$3 Myr old {$σ$} Orionis cluster. However, we analyzed the second Gaia Data Release in combination with kinematic dat…
We present \emph{Herschel} PACS observations of 8 Classical T Tauri Stars in the $\sim 7-10$ Myr old OB1a and the $\sim 4-5$ Myr old OB1b Orion sub-asscociations. Detailed modeling of the broadband spectral energy distributions, particularly the strong silicate emission at 10 $μ$m, shows that these objects are (pre)transitional disks with some amount of small optically thin dust inside their cavities, ranging from $\sim 4$ AU to $\sim 90$ AU in size. We analyzed \emph{Spitzer} IRS spectra for two objects in the sample: CVSO-107 and CVSO-109. The IRS spectrum of CVSO-107 indicates the presence …
Transitional discs have central regions characterised by significant depletion of both dust and gas compared to younger, optically-thick discs. However, gas and dust are not depleted by equal amounts: gas surface densities are typically reduced by factors of $\sim 100$, but small dust grains are sometimes depleted by far larger factors, to the point of being undetectable. While this extreme dust depletion is often attributed to planet formation, in this paper we show that another physical mechanism is possible: expulsion of grains from the disc by radiation pressure. We explore this mechanism …
SN 1954J in NGC 2403 and SN 1961V in NGC 1058 were two luminous transients whose definitive classification as either non-terminal eruptions or supernovae remains elusive. A critical question is whether a surviving star can be significantly obscured by dust formed from material ejected during the transient. We use three lines of argument to show that the candidate surviving stars are not significantly optically extincted ($τ\lesssim 1$) by dust formed in the transients. First, we use SED fits to new HST optical and near-IR photometry. Second, neither source is becoming brighter as required by a…
A homogeneous determination of basic stellar parameters of young stellar object (YSO) candidates is needed to confirm their evolutionary stage, membership to star forming regions (SFRs), and to get reliable values of the quantities related to chromospheric activity and accretion. We used the code ROTFIT and synthetic BT-Settl spectra for the determination of the atmospheric parameters (Teff and logg), the veiling, the radial (RV) and projected rotational velocity (vsini), from X-Shooter spectra of 102 YSO candidates in the Lupus SFR. We have shown that 13 candidates can be rejected as Lupus me…
We present a high-resolution ($\sim0.''12$, $\sim16$ au, mean sensitivity of $50~μ$Jy~beam$^{-1}$ at 225 GHz) snapshot survey of 32 protoplanetary disks around young stars with spectral type earlier than M3 in the Taurus star-forming region using Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). This sample includes most mid-infrared excess members that were not previously imaged at high spatial resolution, excluding close binaries and highly extincted objects, thereby providing a more representative look at disk properties at 1--2 Myr. Our 1.3 mm continuum maps reveal 12 disks with prominent dust gaps a…
The evolution of asymptotic giant branch stars from the spherical symmetry into the diverse shapes of planetary nebulae (PNe) is a topic of intensive research. Young PNe provide a unique opportunity to characterize the onset of this transitional phase. In particular, OH maser-emitting PNe (OHPNe) are considered nascent PNe. In fact, only 6 OHPNe have been confirmed to date. In order to identify and characterize more OHPNe, we processed the unpublished continuum data of the interferometric follow-up of the Southern Parkes Large-Area Survey in Hydroxyl (SPLASH). We then matched the interferometr…
Using Keck/NIRC2 $L^\prime$ (3.78 $μm$) data, we report the direct imaging discovery of a scattered light-resolved, solar system-scale residual protoplanetary disk around the young A-type star HD 141569A, interior to and concentric with the two ring-like structures at wider separations. The disk is resolved down to $\sim$ 0\farcs{}25 and appears as an arc-like rim with attached hook-like features. It is located at an angular separation intermediate between that of warm CO gas identified from spatially-resolved mid-infrared spectroscopy and diffuse dust emission recently discovered with the \te…
The protoplanetary disk around the T Tauri star GM Aur was one of the first hypothesized to be in the midst of being cleared out by a forming planet. As a result, GM Aur has had an outsized influence on our understanding of disk structure and evolution. We present 1.1 and 2.1 mm ALMA continuum observations of the GM Aur disk at a resolution of ~50 mas (~8 au), as well as HCO$^+$ $J=3-2$ observations at a resolution of ~100 mas. The dust continuum shows at least three rings atop faint, extended emission. Unresolved emission is detected at the center of the disk cavity at both wavelengths, likel…
The young massive-star-forming region M17 contains optically visible massive pre-main-sequence stars that are surrounded by circumstellar disks. Such disks are expected to disappear when these stars reach the main sequence. The physical and dynamical structure of these remnant disks are poorly constrained, especially the inner regions where accretion, photo-evaporation, and companion formation and migration may be ongoing. We aim to constrain the physical properties of the inner parts of the circumstellar disks of massive young stellar objects B243 (6 Msun) and B331 (12 Msun), two systems for …
