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arXiv 1005.1608math.PR
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Aldous gossip过程的渐近行为

Asymptotic behavior of Aldous' gossip process

Shirshendu Chatterjee, Rick Durrett

摘要:

Aldous [(2007)Preprint]定义了一个流言过程,其中空间是一个离散的$N\times N$环面,而过程在时间$t$的状态是知道信息的个体的集合。信息以1/4的速率从一个站点传播到它最近的邻居,以$N^{-α}$的速率传播到从环面中随机选择的站点。我们将感兴趣的情况下,其中$α<3$,其中长距离传输显着加快的时间,每个人都知道的信息。我们证明了三个结果,精确地描述了一个稍微简化的模型在真正的环面上的信息传播。直到每个人都知道信息的时间是渐进的$T=(2-2α/3)N^{α/3}\log N$。如果$ρ_s$是在$s$和$\varepsilon$很小时知道信息的总体的分数,那么对于大的$N$,直到$ρ_s$到达$\varepsilon$的时间是$T(\varepsilon)\approx T+N^{α/3}\log (3\varepsilon /M)$,其中$T(\varepsilon)\approx T+N^{α/3}\log (3\varepsilon /M)$是由信息的早期传播确定的随机变量。在时间$s=T(1/3)+tN^{α/3}$的$ρ_s$的值几乎是满足奇型积分-微分方程的确定性函数$h(t)$。最后的结果证实了Aldous的启发式计算。

英文摘要:

Aldous [(2007) Preprint] defined a gossip process in which space is a discrete $N\times N$ torus, and the state of the process at time $t$ is the set of individuals who know the information. Information spreads from a site to its nearest neighbors at rate 1/4 each and at rate $N^{-α}$ to a site chosen at random from the torus. We will be interested in the case in which $α<3$, where the long range transmission significantly accelerates the time at which everyone knows the information. We prove three results that precisely describe the spread of information in a slightly simplified model on the real torus. The time until everyone knows the information is asymptotically $T=(2-2α/3)N^{α/3}\log N$. If $ρ_s$ is the fraction of the population who know the information at time $s$ and $\varepsilon$ is small then, for large $N$, the time until $ρ_s$ reaches $\varepsilon$ is $T(\varepsilon)\approx T+N^{α/3}\log (3\varepsilon /M)$, where $M$ is a random variable determined by the early spread of the information. The value of $ρ_s$ at time $s=T(1/3)+tN^{α/3}$ is almost a deterministic function $h(t)$ which satisfies an odd looking integro-differential equation. The last result confirms a heuristic calculation of Aldous.

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