arXiv 1005.07992010-05-05hep-lat

大动量转移下核子电磁形状因子的格子计算

Lattice Calculations of Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors at Large Momentum Transfer

Huey-Wen Lin, Saul D. Cohen, Robert G. Edwards, Kostas Orginos, David G. Richards

备注：: 20 pages, 16 figures

摘要：

在这篇工作中，我们报道了一种新的格点量子色动力学技术，用于研究核子形状因子的高动量转移区。这些计算可以为实验提供重要的理论输入，例如JLab的12-GeV计划和核子形变研究。晶格的形状因子计算有着广泛的历史，主要是用基态来计算初始态和最终态。然而，在大动量传递（$Q^2$）下确定形状因子由于在该状态下的大的统计误差和系统误差而变得困难。我们研究了三个介子质量的核子形状因子，它们具有猝灭和2+1味各向异性晶格组态，$Q^2$与$6 GeV^2$一样大。这些形状因子被进一步处理以获得跨2维冲击参数空间的横向电荷和磁化密度。我们的方法可以应用到各向同性晶格和晶格具有较小的晶格间距，以计算更大的$Q^2$形状因子。

英文摘要：

In this work, we report a novel technique in lattice QCD for studying the high momentum-transfer region of nucleon form factors. These calculations could give important theoretical input to experiments, such as those of JLab's 12-GeV program and studies of nucleon deformation. There is an extensive history of form-factor calculations on the lattice, primarily with ground states for both the initial and final state. However, determining form factors at large momentum transfer ($Q^2$) has been difficult due to large statistical and systematic errors in this regime. We study the nucleon form factors using three pion masses with both quenched and 2+1-flavor anisotropic lattice configurations with $Q^2$ as large as $6 GeV^2$. These form factors are further processed to obtain transverse charge and magnetization densities across 2-dimensional impact-parameter space. Our approach can be applied to isotropic lattices and lattices with smaller lattice spacing to calculate even larger-$Q^2$ form factors.

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