SN 2007od: A Type IIP SN with Circumstellar Interaction
J. E. Andrews, J. S. Gallagher, Geoffrey C. Clayton, B. E. K. Sugerman, J. P. Chatelain, J. Clem, D. L. Welch, M. J. Barlow, B. Ercolano, J. Fabbri, R. Wesson, M. Meixner
备注:
35 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
SN 2007 od展现了IIP型超新星(SN)中罕见的特徴。光学V波段光度测量显示在平台期和星云期之间有一个非常陡峭的亮度下降,大约为4.5等,可能是由于SN 2007 od含有低质量的56 Ni。的光谱显示从正常的IIP型广泛的Halpha发射,到一个复杂的,四个组件的Halpha发射曲线表现出不对称的尘埃消光后,232天的演变。这与SN 1998 S的光谱演化相似,虽然SN 2007 od没有早期窄(~200 km s-1)的H α成分。在这两个SNe中,中等宽度的Halpha发射分量被认为是在喷出物与其星周介质(CSM)之间的相互作用中产生的。SN 2007 od还显示了由于新尘埃而产生的中红外过剩。Halalpha剖面的演化和中红外线过剩的存在提供了强有力的证据,证明SN 2007 od在第232天之前形成了新的尘埃。后期的观测揭示了可见光曲线的平坦化。这种平坦化强烈表明存在光回波,这可能是后期看到的广泛的潜在Halpha分量的主要原因。我们相信多峰的H α发射与喷出物与星周环或环面的相互作用(对于\pm 1500 km s-1的内部组件)以及CSM环平面外的星周物质的单个团块或云(对于-5000 km s-1的外部组件)是一致的。新尘埃最有可能形成的位置是在膨胀的喷出物和它的CSM之间的相互作用所产生的冷的致密壳层中。SN 2007 od尘埃发射的蒙特卡罗辐射转移模型表明,已形成高达4x 10- 4兆太阳的新尘埃。这与其他CCSNe中的尘埃数量相似,如SNe 1999 em、2004 et和2006 jc。
英文摘要:
SN 2007od exhibits characteristics that have rarely been seen in a Type IIP supernova (SN). Optical V band photometry reveals a very steep brightness decline between the plateau and nebular phases of ~4.5 mag, likely due to SN 2007od containing a low mass of 56Ni. The optical spectra show an evolution from normal Type IIP with broad Halpha emission, to a complex, four component Halpha emission profile exhibiting asymmetries caused by dust extinction after day 232. This is similar to the spectral evolution of the Type IIn SN 1998S, although no early-time narrow (~200 km s-1) Halpha component was present in SN 2007od. In both SNe, the intermediate-width Halpha emission components are thought to arise in the interaction between the ejecta and its circumstellar medium (CSM). SN 2007od also shows a mid-IR excess due to new dust. The evolution of the Halpha profile and the presence of the mid-IR excess provide strong evidence that SN 2007od formed new dust before day 232. Late-time observations reveal a flattening of the visible lightcurve. This flattening is a strong indication of the presence of a light echo, which likely accounts for much of the broad, underlying Halpha component seen at late-times. We believe the multi-peaked Halpha emission is consistent with the interaction of the ejecta with a circumstellar ring or torus (for the inner components at \pm1500 km s-1), and a single blob or cloud of circumstellar material out of the plane of the CSM ring (for the outer component at -5000 km s-1). The most probable location for the formation of new dust is in the cool dense shell created by the interaction between the expanding ejecta and its CSM. Monte Carlo radiative transfer modeling of the dust emission from SN 2007od implies that up to 4x 10-4Msun of new dust has formed. This is similar to the amounts of dust formed in other CCSNe such as SNe 1999em, 2004et, and 2006jc.
Type IIP Supernova Progenitors II: Stellar Mass and Obscuration by the Dust in the Circumstellar Medium
从各种各样的观测中已经很好地确定了红超巨星(RSG)在恒星风中释放了大量的质量。在核心坍缩之前的几十年里,在这种排放气体中形成的尘埃可能导致大量的消光,并掩盖了原始RSG的内在光度。这可能导致难以确定导致不同类别超新星的祖先质量的范围。即使是附近的超新星,如SN 2013ej,也可能受到这种不确定性的影响。我们在这里探讨两个不同的质量建议其祖先。我们使用恒星天体物理学实验模块(MESA)计算它们的前超新星特征。我们表明,一个非旋转的恒星与初始质量为26 M $_{\odot}$将需要相当数量的拱星介质(A $_V \sim$ 3),以掩盖其高光度的观测到的爆炸前的哈勃太空望远镜(HST)检测到的幅度。如此高的视消光值似乎与SN 2013ej和SN 2003gd在同一个宿主星系M74中得出的结果不一致。相比之下,低质量(13 M $_{\odot}$)恒星的演化模型很容易容纳在观测到的HST星等。一些26 M $_{\odot}$模拟显示,在过去几年中,可以区分高节奏和多波段监测附近星系的超新星候选人的光度变化。我们证明,我们的计算是很好地解决了足够的分区和进化的时间步长。
SN 2025aedz: A typical short-plateau type IIP supernova with rapid post-peak decline
Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院云南天文台);INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova(意大利国家天体物理研究所帕多瓦天文台);Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛史密森尼天体物理中心)
Signatures of Circumstellar Interaction in the Type IIL Supernova ASASSN-15oz
富氢、核心坍缩的超新星通常分为四类:IIP、IIL、IIn和IIb。一般来说,与星周物质的相互作用只被认为是IIn型超新星。然而,最近对IIP和IIL超新星的流体动力学建模需要星周物质来重现它们早期的光变曲线。在这种情况下,IIL超新星在爆炸前经历了大量的质量损失。我们在ASASSN-15 oz上测试了这一假设,这是一颗IIL型超新星。随着X射线、紫外线、光学、红外线和无线电的广泛跟踪,我们提出了我们对相互作用迹象的搜索,以及由它们的检测所指示的质量损失历史。我们发现的证据表明,短暂的激烈的质量损失之前,爆炸的光变曲线建模,相当于在1.5 M $_{\odot}$的材料在1800 R $_{\odot}$的祖先。我们还检测到超新星的无线电,表明质量损失率$10^{-6}-10^{-7}$ M $_{\odot}$年$^{-1}$之前的极端质量损失期。我们未能在X射线中探测到这颗超新星,在紫外线、可见光和近红外线中也没有窄的发射谱线,这些都与这幅图并不矛盾,并在$<10^{-4}$ M $_{\odot}$ yr $^{-1}$的极端周期之外设定了质量损失率的上限。本文强调了收集更多II型超新星的全面数据的重要性,以便详细建模的祖星和超新星,可以阐明他们的质量损失历史和包络结构,从而告知恒星演化模型。
SN 2020bij and a Possible Slow-Rise High-Velocity Subclass of Type IIP Supernovae
The School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University(特拉维夫大学物理与天文学学院);McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院麦戈文脑研究所);LSSTC Catalyst Fellow(LSSTC催化剂研究员);Steward Observatory, University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台);Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California, San Diego(加州大学圣地亚哥分校天体物理学系);The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University(斯德哥尔摩大学天文学奥谢·克莱因中心);Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)(加泰罗尼亚空间研究学院);Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC)(空间科学研究所(CSIC));Astrophysics Division, National Centre for Nuclear Research(国家核研究中心天体物理部);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw(华沙大学天文台);Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science(魏茨曼科学研究所粒子物理与天体物理学系)
The Eye of Sauron in SN 2025ngs: a Short-plateau Cousin of SN 1998S with Evidence for a Ring-like Circumstellar Medium
Steward Observatory, University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis(加州大学戴维斯分校物理与天文学系);Gemini Observatory(Gemini 天文台);School of Physical and Chemical Sciences – Te Kura Matū, University of Canterbury(坎特伯雷大学物理与化学科学学院);Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛史密松天体物理中心)
SN 2025ngs 是一个介于强相互作用超新星(IIn型)和IIP型之间的短平台超新星,其光谱特征显示与SN 1998S相似,但峰值亮度较低,且有环状周围介质的证据。
Low-Luminosity Type IIP Supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility Census of the Local Universe. II: Lightcurve Analysis
California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);Stockholm University(斯德哥尔摩大学);SOKENDAI(日本综合研究大学院大学);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);National Institutes of Natural Sciences(国立自然科学研究院);Monash University(蒙纳士大学);Liverpool John Moores University(利物浦约翰摩尔斯大学);University of Washington(华盛顿大学)