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arXiv 1208.4111astro-ph.SR
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星周尘埃的吸收--以SN2012aw前身星为例

On Absorption by Circumstellar Dust, With the Progenitor of SN2012aw as a Case Study

C. S. Kochanek, R. Khan, X. Dai

摘要:

我们使用SN 2012 aw的前身来说明使用银河系(星际)消光定律建模星周尘埃的后果,该定律(1)忽略近红外及以上的尘埃发射;(2)平均尘埃成分,以及(3)通过假设散射光子丢失给观察者而错误地表征光学/紫外吸收。SN 2012 aw的主要结果是光度和吸收都被大大高估了。特别是,恒星的光度很可能在10^4.8 < L/Lsun < 10^5.0的范围内,而且对于一颗M <15 Msun的IIP型恒星来说,恒星的质量并不是特别大。考虑到星周尘埃的性质和SN 2012 aw早期的X射线/射电探测,在爆炸时,这颗恒星可能被Mdot ~ 10^-5.5 ~ 10^-5.0 Msun/年的持续风所遮蔽,这与其温度(T_* ~ 3600 K)和光度的恒星的预期质量损失率大致一致。在银河系消光定律的精神,我们提供了简单的插值公式,作为波长(>0.3微米)和总(吸收加散射)V波段光学深度(τ < 20)的函数,由尘埃石墨和硅酸盐壳的星周消光。这些不包括尘埃排放的贡献,但提供了一个简单的,物理的替代错误地使用星际灭绝定律。

英文摘要:

We use the progenitor of SN2012aw to illustrate the consequences of modeling circumstellar dust using Galactic (interstellar) extinction laws that (1) ignore dust emission in the near-IR and beyond; (2) average over dust compositions, and (3) mis-characterize the optical/UV absorption by assuming that scattered photons are lost to the observer. The primary consequences for the progenitor of SN2012aw are that both the luminosity and the absorption are significantly over-estimated. In particular, the stellar luminosity is most likely in the range 10^4.8 < L/Lsun < 10^5.0 and the star was not extremely massive for a Type IIP progenitor, with M < 15Msun. Given the properties of the circumstellar dust and the early X-ray/radio detections of SN2012aw, the star was probably obscured by an on-going wind with Mdot ~ 10^-5.5 to 10^-5.0 Msun/year at the time of the explosion, roughly consistent with the expected mass loss rates for a star of its temperature (T_* ~ 3600K) and luminosity. In the spirit of Galactic extinction laws, we supply simple interpolation formulas for circumstellar extinction by dusty graphitic and silicate shells as a function of wavelength (>0.3 micron) and total (absorption plus scattering) V-band optical depth (tau < 20). These do not include the contributions of dust emission, but provide a simple, physical alternative to incorrectly using interstellar extinction laws.

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