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arXiv 1004.0164cond-mat.soft
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从平衡态到剪切后的稳态动力学

From Equilibrium to Steady-State Dynamics after Switch-On of Shear

Matthias Krüger, Fabian Weysser, Thomas Voigtmann

摘要:

本文讨论了在均匀定常剪切流作用下,致密玻璃形成液体中平衡态、稳态和等待时间相关的动态二次关联函数之间的关系。所研究的体系显示出明显的剪切稀化,即,与平衡相比,它们的稳态缓慢松弛显著加速。一个近似的关系,恢复小的等待时间的确切限制,通过瞬态(ITT)的方法为非平衡Smoluchowski动力学的整合后,并举例说明在一个示意性的模型的框架内的模式耦合理论的玻璃化转变(MCT)。计算机模拟结果的标记粒子密度关联函数对应于波矢量的剪切梯度方向从事件驱动的随机动力学的二维硬盘系统和以前发表的牛顿动力学模拟的三维软球混合物进行了分析和比较的预测ITT为基础的近似。此外,对于较短的等待时间,理论描述的等待时间依赖性显示出良好的定量协议的模拟。这证实了先前用于推导波动耗散比的中心近似的准确性(Phys. Rev. Lett. 102,135701)。对于中间等待时间,关联函数在长时间内比平稳函数衰减得更快。我们的理论预测了这种行为,并在模拟中观察到。

英文摘要:

A relation between equilibrium, steady-state, and waiting-time dependent dynamical two-time correlation functions in dense glass-forming liquids subject to homogeneous steady shear flow is discussed. The systems under study show pronounced shear thinning, i.e., a significant speedup in their steady-state slow relaxation as compared to equilibrium. An approximate relation that recovers the exact limit for small waiting times is derived following the integration through transients (ITT) approach for the nonequilibrium Smoluchowski dynamics, and is exemplified within a schematic model in the framework of the mode-coupling theory of the glass transition (MCT). Computer simulation results for the tagged-particle density correlation functions corresponding to wave vectors in the shear-gradient directions from both event-driven stochastic dynamics of a two-dimensional hard-disk system and from previously published Newtonian-dynamics simulations of a three-dimensional soft-sphere mixture are analyzed and compared with the predictions of the ITT-based approximation. Good qualitative and semi-quantitative agreement is found. Furthermore, for short waiting times, the theoretical description of the waiting time dependence shows excellent quantitative agreement to the simulations. This confirms the accuracy of the central approximation used earlier to derive fluctuation dissipation ratios (Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 135701). For intermediate waiting times, the correlation functions decay faster at long times than the stationary ones. This behavior is predicted by our theory and observed in simulations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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