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arXiv 0810.2505cond-mat.softcond-mat.dis-nn
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稳态剪切下接近玻璃化转变的稠密胶态分散体的非线性流变特性

Nonlinear rheological properties of dense colloidal dispersions close to a glass transition under steady shear

Matthias Fuchs

摘要:

用第一性原理方法研究了稠密胶体悬浮体在稳态剪切下的非线性流变特性。从给定剪切流中相互作用的布朗粒子的Smoluchowski方程出发,导出了形式上精确地包含瞬态动力学的广义Green-Kubo关系,并利用模耦合近似封闭了方程。胶体流体的剪切变稀和胶体玻璃的动态屈服产生于由于粒子相互作用而导致的结构弛豫的减慢和由密度波动的剪切平流引起的波动的增强的去相关之间的竞争。通过瞬态方法的集成考虑到了动态竞争,平移不变性进入波矢量平流的概念,和模式耦合近似能够定量地探索剪切引起的抑制粒子笼和由此产生的加速结构松弛。扩展的比较与剪切应力数据的线性响应和非线性政权中测得的模型热敏核壳胶乳进行了讨论。此外,还对共焦显微镜和计算机模拟中观察到的剪切作用下的单粒子运动进行了回顾和理论分析。

英文摘要:

The nonlinear rheological properties of dense colloidal suspensions under steady shear are discussed within a first principles approach. It starts from the Smoluchowski equation of interacting Brownian particles in a given shear flow, derives generalized Green-Kubo relations, which contain the transients dynamics formally exactly, and closes the equations using mode coupling approximations. Shear thinning of colloidal fluids and dynamical yielding of colloidal glasses arise from a competition between a slowing down of structural relaxation, because of particle interactions, and enhanced decorrelation of fluctuations, caused by the shear advection of density fluctuations. The integration through transients approach takes account of the dynamic competition, translational invariance enters the concept of wavevector advection, and the mode coupling approximation enables to quantitatively explore the shear-induced suppression of particle caging and the resulting speed-up of the structural relaxation. Extended comparisons with shear stress data in the linear response and in the nonlinear regime measured in model thermo-sensitive core-shell latices are discussed. Additionally, the single particle motion under shear observed by confocal microscopy and in computer simulations is reviewed and analysed theoretically.

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