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arXiv 1004.0156astro-ph.IMphysics.data-anphysics.ins-det
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未来Radio Telescopes的校准挑战

Calibration Challenges for Future Radio Telescopes

Stefan J. Wijnholds, Sebastiaan van der Tol, Ronald Nijboer, Alle-Jan van der Veen

摘要:

射电天文观测仪器已经走过了漫长的道路。虽然第一批望远镜是基于非常大的碟形天线和双天线干涉仪,但目前的仪器由数十个可操纵的碟形天线组成,而未来的仪器将是更大的分布式传感器阵列,具有相控阵列元件的层次结构。为了使这种阵列提供有意义的输出(图像),精确的校准至关重要。校准必须解决未知的天线增益和相位,以及未知的大气和电离层干扰。未来的望远镜将有大量的元件和大视场。在这种情况下,参数是强烈的方向依赖性,导致大量的未知参数,即使适当约束的物理或现象学的描述使用。这使得校准成为一项艰巨的参数估计任务,本文从信号处理的角度对此进行了审查。

英文摘要:

Instruments for radio astronomical observations have come a long way. While the first telescopes were based on very large dishes and 2-antenna interferometers, current instruments consist of dozens of steerable dishes, whereas future instruments will be even larger distributed sensor arrays with a hierarchy of phased array elements. For such arrays to provide meaningful output (images), accurate calibration is of critical importance. Calibration must solve for the unknown antenna gains and phases, as well as the unknown atmospheric and ionospheric disturbances. Future telescopes will have a large number of elements and a large field of view. In this case the parameters are strongly direction dependent, resulting in a large number of unknown parameters even if appropriately constrained physical or phenomenological descriptions are used. This makes calibration a daunting parameter estimation task, that is reviewed from a signal processing perspective in this article.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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