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arXiv 1003.5968cond-mat.stat-mech
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固体$^4$ He剪切模量中的玻璃异常

A glass anomaly in the shear modulus of solid $^4$He

Jung-Jung Su, Matthias J. Graf, Alexander V. Balatsky

摘要:

固体$^4$ He的剪切模量在低温下表现出10%量级的异常变化[1,2],这在性质上类似于扭转振荡器实验中小得多的频率变化。我们建议,在固体$^4$他的硬化的剪切模量随着温度的降低,可以描述与玻璃的敏感性,假设温度依赖的弛豫时间$τ(T)$。玻璃敏感性捕获低于特征交叉温度$T_X$的玻璃自由度的冻结。在那里,固体的动态响应满足$ωτ(T_X) \sim 1$,从而导致剪切模量的增加。在这个模型中,我们预测的剪切模量的振幅和耗散峰的高度的最大变化是独立的所施加的频率$ω$。我们的计算还显示了一个定性的差异,在行为的剪切模量取决于温度行为的玻璃弛豫时间$τ(T)$。这些预测可以通过比较复杂的剪切模量与实验在不同的频率和不同程度的混乱进行测试。[1]J.Day和J.Beamish,Nature 150,853(2007)。[2]J. Day,O. Syshchenko,J.Beamish,Phys.Rev.B79,214524(2009).

英文摘要:

The shear modulus of solid $^4$He exhibits an anomalous change of order 10%[1, 2] at low temperatures that is qualitatively similar to the much smaller frequency change in torsional oscillator experiments. We propose that in solid $^4$He the stiffening of the shear modulus with decreasing temperature can be described with a glass susceptibility assuming a temperature dependent relaxation time $τ(T)$. The glass susceptibility captures the freezing out of glassy degrees of freedom below a characteristic crossover temperature $T_X$. There the dynamic response of the solid satisfies $ωτ(T_X) \sim 1$, thus leading to an increase in the shear modulus. Within this model we predict that the maximum change of the amplitude of the shear modulus and the height of the dissipation peak are independent of the applied frequency $ω$. Our calculations also show a qualitative difference in behavior of the shear modulus depending on the temperature behavior of the glass relaxation time $τ(T)$. These predictions can be tested by comparing the complex shear modulus with experiments at different frequencies and for different levels of disorder. [1] J. Day and J. Beamish, Nature 150, 853 (2007). [2] J. Day, O. Syshchenko, J. Beamish, Phys. Rev. B 79, 214524(2009).

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