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arXiv 1003.2759math.DG
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局部齐性几何流形

Locally homogeneous geometric manifolds

William M. Goldman

摘要:

受菲利克斯·克莱因关于几何是由对称变换群所支配的概念的启发,查尔斯·埃雷斯曼(Charles Ehresmann)开始了对李群的齐性空间局部建模的拓扑空间的几何结构的研究。这些局部齐性空间后来形成了瑟斯顿的三维几何化程序的背景。基本问题是对于给定的拓扑S和几何X = G/H,分类所有可能的将G/H的局部几何引入到S中的方法。例如,一个球体不允许有局部的欧几里得几何:地球上不存在度量上精确的欧几里得地图集。人们发展了一个空间,它的点是S上几何结构的等价类,它本身表现出丰富的几何和由S的拓扑对称性产生的对称性。在这次演讲中,我将调查几个例子的分类局部齐次几何结构的流形在低维,以及它如何导致一般研究的表面群表示。特别是几何结构是理解基本群表示的变形空间的局部和全局性质的有用工具。

英文摘要:

Motivated by Felix Klein's notion that geometry is governed by its group of symmetry transformations, Charles Ehresmann initiated the study of geometric structures on topological spaces locally modeled on a homogeneous space of a Lie group. These locally homogeneous spaces later formed the context of Thurston's 3-dimensional geometrization program. The basic problem is for a given topology S and a geometry X = G/H, to classify all the possible ways of introducing the local geometry of G/H into S. For example, a sphere admits no local Euclidean geometry: there is no metrically accurate Euclidean atlas of the earth. One develops a space whose points are equivalence classes of geometric structures on S, which itself exhibits a rich geometry and symmetries arising from the topological symmetries of S. In this talk I will survey several examples of the classification of locally homogeneous geometric structures on manifolds in low dimension, and how it leads to a general study of surface group representations. In particular geometric structures are a useful tool in understanding local and global properties of deformation spaces of representations of fundamental groups.

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