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arXiv 1003.1398cond-mat.mes-hall
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从石墨烯到碲化铋:准二维晶体的机械剥离在热电和拓扑绝缘体中的应用

From Graphene to Bismuth Telluride: Mechanical Exfoliation of Quasi-2D Crystals for Applications in Thermoelectrics and Topological Insulators

Desalegne Teweldebrhan, Vivek Goyal, Alexander A. Balandin

摘要:

碲化铋(Bi 2 Te 3)及其合金是目前已知的最好的块体热电材料。Bi 2 Te 3的堆叠准二维(2D)层也被识别为拓扑绝缘体。在本文中,我们描述了一种方法,石墨烯启发剥离结晶碲化铋薄膜的厚度为几个原子。原子级薄膜悬浮在Si/SiO2衬底的沟槽中,并进行详细的表征。范德华能隙的存在使我们能够将Bi_2 Te_3晶体分解成五个单元--由Te(1)-Bi-Te(2)-Bi-Te(1)组成的五个单原子片。通过改变原子平面的厚度和顺序,我们能够创建设计师非化学计量的准2D晶体薄膜,改变它们的成分和掺杂以及其他特性。剥离的五元组和超薄膜具有低热导率、高电导率和增强的热电性能。所获得的结果为制备用于热电器件的具有强空间限制的载流子和声学声子的碲化铋晶体量子阱堆叠铺平了道路。用于制备Te(1)-Bi-Te(2)-Bi-Te(1)的自支撑准二维层的开发的技术为拓扑绝缘体的研究及其可能的实际应用创造了动力。

英文摘要:

Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) and its alloys are the best bulk thermoelectric materials known today. The stacked quasi-two-dimensional (2D) layers of Bi2Te3 were also identified as topological insulators. In this paper we describe a method for graphene-inspired exfoliation of crystalline bismuth telluride films with a thickness of a few atoms. The atomically thin films were suspended across trenches in Si/SiO2 substrates, and subjected to detail characterization. The presence of the van der Waals gaps allowed us to disassemble Bi2Te3 crystal into its quintuple building blocks - five mono-atomic sheets consisting of Te(1)-Bi-Te(2)-Bi-Te(1). By altering the thickness and sequence of atomic planes we were able to create designer non-stoichiometric quasi-2D crystalline films, change their composition and doping, as well as other properties. The exfoliated quintuples and ultra-thin films have low thermal conductivity, high electrical conductivity and enhanced thermoelectric properties. The obtained results pave the way for producing stacks of crystalline bismuth telluride quantum wells with the strong spatial confinement of charge carriers and acoustic phonons for thermoelectric devices. The developed technology for producing free-standing quasi-2D layers of Te(1)-Bi-Te(2)-Bi-Te(1) creates an impetus for investigation of the topological insulators and their possible practical applications.

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